Swideria

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Europe and North Africa around 8500 BC BC at the transition to the Neolithic (blue: icy zone), 1: Paleolithic cultures, 2: Azilo - Tardenoisia 3: Swidérien 4: Swidero-Tardenoisian in the Black Sea area, 5th Iberian Capsia, 6th Orange, local variant of Ibéromaurusia , 7th century BC . late Capsien, 8th Fertile Crescent
Approximate extent of Swideria on today's land mass

That of Poland to Hungary spread swiderian culture (13.000-9500 v. Chr.) Is the name of an Upper Palaeolithic equipment industry, which after the open air site Świdry Wielkie on the dunes of a Vistula Terrace in Warsaw is named in Poland.

The Swiderien is considered the Eastern European form of Magdalenian and is used next to Ahrensburg , the Hamburg culture , Maglemose culture , the Congemose culture , Ertebølle culture , the Bromme , the Fosna culture (Hensbacka), the Komsa culture , the Swifterbant- Culture , Kunda culture , Neman culture and Narva culture are assigned to the stem tip groups and the resulting notch tip horizon.

Firestone tools have mainly symmetrical shapes. Typical are the partially flat retouched handle tips and notch tips . Other equipment finds include burins , drills, scrapers and saws. In connection with the geometric microliths , the younger stage is also known as the Swidero-Tardenoisia. Microliths suggest the use of a bow and arrow.

The entire Scandinavian, Northern European and Eastern European north from the Urals to the Rhine (and perhaps even further) was penetrated here, if it was free of ice at all. This is also indicated by genetic analyzes by Mesolithic hunters and gatherers. In the older literature these connections were not yet recognizable, so that numerous local names were used.

literature

  • Emil Hoffmann: Lexicon of the Stone Age. Beck, Munich 1999, p. 158. ISBN 3-406-42125-3 .
  • LL Zaliznyak: The Swidrian Reindeer-Hunters of Eastern Europe. In: Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Volume 5 Beier & Beran, Wilkau-Hasslau 1995