Fasanenstrasse Synagogue

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Fasanenstrasse Synagogue
Construction time: 1910-1912
Location: 52 ° 30 '15.6 "  N , 13 ° 19' 42.2"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '15.6 "  N , 13 ° 19' 42.2"  E
Address: Fasanenstrasse 79
10623 Berlin
Berlin , Germany
Purpose: liberal judaism synagogue
Synagogue on Fasanenstrasse

The Fasanenstrasse Synagogue was a liberal synagogue at Fasanenstrasse 79 in the Berlin district of Charlottenburg .

It was the first synagogue of the Jewish community in Berlin that was not built in the city area, but in one of the up-and-coming suburbs.

history

In October 1905, the Jewish community decided to purchase the property at Fasanenstrasse 79/80 in Charlottenburg in order to build a synagogue for the fast-growing community in the upscale west of Berlin, thus meeting the community's need for representation. An architecture competition was announced for the building in 1907, which resulted in three first prizes awarded to the architects Ehrenfried Hessel (Berlin), C. F. W. Leonhardt (Frankfurt am Main) and Heger & Franke. Despite historical recourse, Hessel's design shows a clear departure from the previously built synagogues with their targeted reception of a nationally interpreted Middle Ages . The fact that Hessel followed an increasingly stronger basic attitude in Jewish cult buildings is also evident from the result of the competition: Architects such as Cremer & Wolffenstein , who had shaped Berlin synagogue construction for two decades, did not even make it onto the shortlist of the jury. In 1910 construction work began under the direction of the municipal master builder Johann Hoeniger . The synagogue was inaugurated on August 26, 1912.

The community chairman Leo Baeck often preached here. The rabbi was Julius Galliner , and chief cantor Magnus Davidsohn .

The anti-Semitic provocations in the vicinity of this synagogue since the early 1930s included the Kurfürstendamm riot of 1931 and the Kurfürstendamm riot of 1935 . The building had to be closed in 1936, was set on fire in the November pogroms in 1938 and further destroyed in air raids in 1943 . In August 1939 the Jewish community was forced to sell the property to the Reichspost for 350,000 marks . The community also had to cede the insured sum of the fire society to the Reichspost, which it was entitled to due to the damage of November 9, 1938. In 1957/58 the ruin, like other synagogue ruins in Berlin, was torn down because after the Holocaust it was no longer considered possible that a synagogue of this size would ever be needed in Germany again. Until 1959 the Jewish community center built by Dieter Knoblauch and Hans Heise was built on this site .

See also

literature

  • Eduard Jobst Siedler : The Synagogue on Fasanenstrasse in Charlottenburg, Die Kunstwelt, German magazine for the visual arts, year 1912/1913, pp. 25-48 ( digital copy )

Web links

Commons : Synagoge Fasanenstrasse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Synagogue Fasanenstrasse. In: luise-berlin.de. Retrieved July 16, 2017 .
  2. ^ Former synagogue at Fasanenstrasse. In: Berlin.de. Retrieved July 16, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Hans Gerd Sellenthin: History of the Jews in Berlin and the building at Fasanenstrasse 79/80 , Board of Directors of the Jewish Community in Berlin, 1959, p. 126
  4. ^ Rudolf Bothe (editor): Synagogues in Berlin . Ed .: Berlin Museum. Part 1: On the history of a destroyed architecture . Willmuth Arenhövel, Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-922912-04-4 , pp. 129 .
  5. ↑ Goebbels' diary writer about the “Reichskristallnacht” . In: Der Spiegel . No. 29 , 1992 ( online - According to Goebbels' diary, Werner Wächter was instructed to have it smashed).
  6. ↑ Esther Slevogt: You build up the ruins of the past: The Jewish community center on Fasanenstrasse (=  Jewish miniatures ). 1st edition. Hentrich and Hentrich Verlag, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-941450-06-6 , pp. 18 .