Heidelberg synagogue (1878–1938)
The synagogue in Heidelberg , a city in the north of Baden-Württemberg , was built in 1878 and rebuilt in 1913. The synagogue , which was destroyed in 1938, was in Große Mantelgasse.
history
In the summer of 1877, the Jewish community bought the house at Lauerstraße 2, which was next to the old synagogue building, in order to have more space for the new building. The old synagogue building was demolished in 1877 and the new synagogue was built according to plans by the Heidelberg architect Hermann Behaghel (1839–1921). The inauguration took place on April 12, 1878.
Behaghel used different historicizing style elements. The overall shape of the building looks rather Gothic at first , but Romanesque style elements such as B. the step portal and the gable frieze used. The synagogue corresponded to the eclectic style of the time.
In 1913 the synagogue was extended to the east as far as Lauerstraße 4 according to plans by the Jewish architect Siegfried Seidemann . An organ was also installed at the same time . The cloakroom, the organ gallery and the associated staircases were housed in the new part of the building. The synagogue also received some new interior fittings and a new coat of paint. A hall was set up on the ground floor of the parish hall, which was also used as a weekday synagogue and was connected to the synagogue.
A final renovation of the synagogue was probably carried out in 1934.
time of the nationalsocialism
During the night of the pogrom on November 10, 1938 , the synagogue was set on fire by SA men. The synagogue was completely destroyed. The Torah scrolls and ritual objects stolen from the synagogue were taken to the police station. Heidelberg citizens and especially students burned the Torah scrolls about a week after the synagogue was destroyed on Universitätsplatz .
Commemoration
On the square of the former synagogue, the old synagogue square since 1956 , a memorial plaque has been commemorating the synagogue since 1959.
The memorial stone erected here after the end of the war was brought to the Jewish cemetery hall in the mountain cemetery in 1952/53 after it had been damaged several times.
See also
literature
- Franz-Josef Ziwes (Ed.): Baden synagogues from the time of Grand Duke Friedrich I in contemporary photographs . G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1997, ISBN 3-7650-8177-9 , pp. 66-69.
- Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger : Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 , pp. 181-186 ( Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4).
Web links
- Synagogues in Heidelberg near Alemannia Judaica (with many photos)
Coordinates: 49 ° 24 ′ 47 " N , 8 ° 42 ′ 22" E