Synaphy
Synaphy ( Greek συνάφεια synapheia "connection", "community") describes in ancient verse the rhythmic connection of several verses extending across verse boundaries, which means that especially when sending, no shortening by catalexis and no brevis in longo may appear. Otherwise there is asynaphy .
Sequences of several connected by Synaphie verses is referred to in particular in Astropha as systems .
In the German metric is called Synaphie, metric line bonding , jointing or gefugtem Versübergang when
- a verse with a monosyllabic cadence (ends with a stressed syllable) a verse with a prelude (starts with an unstressed syllable) follows or
- if a verse with a polysyllabic cadence (ends on an unstressed syllable) is followed by a verse without a prelude (starts with a stressed syllable).
Asynaphie or ungefugter Versübergang is thus present when at the two stressed syllables Versgrenze ( italics ) or two unstressed syllables (reductions) meet. The direct meeting of two stressed syllables is also known as a lifting bounce .
As an example of the jointed transition, the following verses from Hartmann von Aues The poor Heinrich :
- Dienstman what he zẹ Ouwe
- | × ́ × | × ́ × | ── ́ | × ́ ^ ‖
- he was named in manige schouwe
- × | × × | ◡ ◡ × | ── ́ | × ́ ^ ‖
The metrical form of the verses is reproduced here in the notation developed by Andreas Heusler .
The well-known first two verses of the same work provide an example of an uneven transition:
- A knight so gelêret what
- × | × ́ × | × ́ × | × ́ × | × ́ ^ ‖
- since he was reading the books
- | × ́ × | × ́ × | × ́ × | × ́ ^ ‖
As an example from the more recent German poetry, the following verses from Heinrich Heine's book of songs :
- In the beautiful month of May,
- ◡ — ◡ — ◡ — ◡—
- When all the buds popped
- ◡ — ◡ — ◡ — ◡
- There is in my heart
- ◡ — ◡ — ◡ — ◡
- The love rose.
- ◡ — ◡ — ◡ — ◡
Here the transition between verses 1 and 2 maintains the iambic rhythm and is therefore joined, the transitions between 2 and 3 and between 3 and 4 are unfugged.
literature
- AT Cole: Synapheia. In: Roland Greene, Stephen Cushman et al. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. 4th edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton 2012, ISBN 978-0-691-13334-8 , p. 1399 f ( limited preview in Google book search).
- Otto Knörrich: Lexicon of lyrical forms (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 479). 2nd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-520-47902-8 , p. 73.
- Otto Paul, Ingeborg Glier : German metrics. 9th edition. Hueber, Munich 1974, p. 66.
- Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. 8th edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 , pp. 51, 804.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hartmann von Aue: The poor Heinrich v. 5-6 .
- ↑ Heinrich Heine: In the wonderful month of May . v. 1-4. In: Book of Songs. Lyric interlude. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1827, p. 112.