Syrian bow
A curve in the entablature on the facades of ancient temples is called the Syrian arch .
The name refers to the oldest known example, the early Augustan Dushara temple in ancient Si'a ( Hauran , Syria). From then on, this shape remains characteristic of the Syrian region. However, temple fronts of this type were widespread not only in Syria, but throughout the east of the Roman Empire . Well-known examples are the Diocletian's Palace in Split or the Temple of Hadrian in Ephesus ; but the propylon of the Theodosian Hagia Sophia in Constantinople was also designed in this form.
The essential feature of the Syrian Arch is the curvature of the entire entablature, mostly between two columns with Corinthian or composite capitals , with the architrave with all profiles merging into the arch without interruption. Because of the strength of the entablature, only the lower edge of the arch front is designed as a true semicircle. The upper edge forms a more or less flat segment arc .
The arch is not placed on the entablature, but continues this continuously. This distinguishes this form of architecture from the similar looking Serliana .
gallery
Syrian arch at the Temple of Hadrian in Ephesus
Syrian arch in the garden of Villa Adriana in Tivoli
Serliana at Palazzo Te in Mantua
literature
- Elsbeth Raming: arch and entablature. Studies on the Syrian Arch and related manifestations in ancient architecture. Dissertation University of Freiburg 1999 [microfiche edition 2009].
Individual evidence
- ^ Gertraud H. Hüttner: Studies on Roman niche architecture , Leiden 1979, ISBN 9789004058576 , p. 200.
- ↑ http://www.projekte.kunstgeschichte.uni-muenchen.de/arch_complete_vers/40-ren-barock-architektur/studienheiten/lektion_4/IV_3_23.htm
- ↑ http://www.projekte.kunstgeschichte.uni-muenchen.de/arch_complete_vers/40-ren-barock-architektur/glossar/files/syrischer_bogen.htm