Turkish Monument (Vienna)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The original "Turkic Monument" (before 1908)

The so-called Turkish monument , even Turks Befreiungsdenkmal called, was founded in 1894 in St. Stephen's Cathedral previously thwarted in memory of the two hundred years second Siege of Vienna (1683) revealed. It was made according to the designs of Edmund Hellmer .

Description and history

Remains of the Turkish monument (2009)

The monument was placed under the south tower on the west side near the Primtor. It was made of Adnet marble . The individual parts were made of Lienbach and Rot-Scheck marble from the Adnet quarries . In historicism with baroque built style elements, it looked like an altar of a triumphal arch contained. Four Corinthian columns that framed an arch stood above a predella . In the arch stood an equestrian statue surrounded by soldiers and over their heads a victory angel was attached. More generals were depicted above the arch, above them the Pope and the Emperor, who looked at the statue of Our Lady that crowned the monument. Gloria Victoribus was carved in large letters into the cornice of the arch.

The monument was destroyed in 1945 in the fire of St. Stephen's Cathedral when the old Pummerin fell ( Battle of Vienna ). After the war , the statues of Our Lady, the Pope and the Emperor were restored and put back in their original place in the cathedral. Some of the destroyed figures of the monument can still be seen in the lapidarium in the lower church . A new memorial plaque with a text by Paula Preradović , the author of the Austrian national anthem, was placed under the central statue . The Latin translation was written by coadjutor Franz Jachym .

Detail: plaque with inscription

The inscription reads:

“Once in the Turkish emergency, Maria came to the rescue. Proud figures in stone testified to the gratitude of their city. Now that the most terrible war destroyed the cathedral and the monument to the Virgin, Emperor and Pope, only the fire was spared. Innocent sees the eleventh and Leopoldus the first, kneeling they admonish you: do not give up hope! Her praying Vienna will never leave her in a future storm. Austria's mother, she helps, you are only strong and loyal. "

- Paula Preradović

"DEI GENITRICIS ROSARIO INVOCATA SVFFRAGIA IN HVIVS FORTIS CIVITATIS Fossis IRRVENTES TVRCOS STITISSE IN praesenti SOLI PONTIFEX INNOCENTIVS XI ATQVE AVGVSTVS LEOPOLDVS I PRIORE SIGNO NVPER EXEVNTIS BELLI IGNE RVPTO TESTATI HORTANTVR VOS VT PARIBVS ANGVSTIIS PRESSI PARI QVOQVE fervore SPERETIS IN ISTA Potenti AVSTRIAE REGINA."

- Transfer: Franz Jachym

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die Presse : Protestants and Other Turks , October 12, 2010

literature

  • Marmorindustrie Kiefer (Ed.): Memorandum on the development of the joint stock company for marble industry Kiefer in Kiefersfelden in the first twenty-five years of its existence, 1883-1908 , Bruckmann, Munich undated (1908)
  • Albert Ilg. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon (ÖBL) 1815–1950. Vol. 3 (Lfg. 11, 1961), p. 27, February 15, 2011.
  • Bösel, Richard / Krasa, Selma (1994): Monuments. Viennese monuments from Classicism to the Secession. An exhibition by the Looshaus culture group and the Albertina graphic collection. Looshaus, May 5 to July 3, 1994. Vienna.
  • The fatherland. Newspaper for the Austrian Monarchy (September 13, 1884): The rescue of Vienna from the highest and last Turk noth, 1–2, September 14, 2009.
  • The fatherland. Newspaper for the Austrian Monarchy (September 13, 1884): The monument commemorating the liberation of Vienna in 1683 in St. Stephen's Cathedral, September 1–2, September 14, 2009.
  • Eitelberger, Rudolf von (March 4, 1884): Viennese sculptor. On the occasion of the execution of the Starhemberg monument in St. Stephen's Church. In: Wiener Zeitung, 3–4.
  • Feichtinger, Johannes (2010): “On the magic heap”. The Burgravelin and the functionalization of the memory of the relief of Vienna from the Turks in 1683, in: ÖZKD. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Kunst und Denkmalpflege, vol. 64, issue 1–2 (special issue: Wiener Stadt- und Burgbefestigung, conceived and coordinated by Markus Jeitler, Richard Kurdiovsky, Anna Mader-Kratky), 108–115.
  • Flieder, Viktor / Loidl, Franz (1967): St. Stephen's Cathedral - Destruction and Reconstruction. Chronicle and documentation. Publications of the Church History Institute of the Catholic Theological Faculty of the University of Vienna. Vienna.
  • Heiss, Johann; Feichtinger, Johannes (2009): Viennese “Turk's Memory” in Transition. Historical and anthropological perspectives. In: Austrian Journal for Political Science (ÖZP) 2, 249–263.
  • Kassal-Mikula, Renata (Red.) (1997): 850 years of St. Stephan. Symbol and center in Vienna 1147–1997. 226. Special exhibition of the Historical Museum of the City of Vienna. April 24 to August 31, 1997. Vienna.
  • Krasa, Selma (1982): The historical event and its reception. In: Historical Museum of the City of Vienna (ed.): The Turks before Vienna. Europe and the decision on the Danube 1683. Salzburg / Vienna, 304–318.
  • Kristan, Markus (1998): Monuments of the early days in Vienna. In: Stephan Riesenfellner (ed.) Stone consciousness I. The public representation of state and national identity of Austria in its monuments. Vienna / Cologne / Weimar, 77–165.
  • Neue Freie Presse (September 13, 1894): The Liberation Monument in St. Stephen's Cathedral, June 2, 30, 2009.
  • Neue Freie Presse (September 13, 1894): The Monument to the Liberation of Vienna 1683, June 6, 30, 2009.
  • Neue Freie Presse (September 13, 1894): The Unveiling of the Monument to the Liberation of the Turks, July 2, 2009.
  • Ranzoni, Emmerich (May 12, 1883): Monument to the Liberation of Vienna 1683. In: Neue Freie Presse, 1-2, June 28, 1883.
  • Telesko, Werner (2008), Cultural Area Austria. The identity of the regions in the visual arts of the 19th century. Vienna / Cologne / Weimar.
  • Truxa, Hans Maria (1891): The monument intended for St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna. In: Memorial monuments of the liberation of Vienna from the Turkennoth of 1683. Vienna, 9-17.
  • Truxa, Hans Maria (1891): The monument intended for St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna. In: Oesterreichisches Jahrbuch. For the Austrian Folk Writing Association, ed. and led by Frhr. v. Help. 15th year Vienna, 255–262.
  • Weißenhofer, Anselm (1956): On the history of the monument to the liberation of the Turks in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna. In: Wiener Geschichtsblätter, vol. 11, no. 4, 73–80.
  • Viennese honor wreath from 1683 (1883): impartial examination of the accusations of Mr. Onno Klopp by an association of Viennese citizens. Published as the first association gift of the 'Bürgerervereinigung Liebenberg'. Vienna.
  • Wiener Zeitung (June 22, 1882): Unofficial part. Austria. Vienna, June 21, June 1, June 30, 2009.
  • Wiener Abendpost (September 13, 1894): newspaper voices, 1f, February 15, 2011.
  • Zeissberg, Heinrich, Ritter von (1894): Memorandum of memory of the second Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683 on the occasion of the unveiling of the monument in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna on September 13, 1894. On behalf of the Monument Executive Committee. Vienna.

Web links

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 30 ″  N , 16 ° 22 ′ 22 ″  E