DSL (Telecom)
DSL from Deutsche Telekom is the dominant broadband internet access in Germany. Since the end of July 2007, the former name T-DSL is no longer used in product marketing. At the end of 2008 there were 13.3 million DSL connections technically implemented by Telekom , corresponding to around two thirds of all broadband connections switched.
DSL is primarily an older broadband technology based on the copper lines of the telephone network. This inhibits the development of the German broadband market in comparison with leading countries. In comparison, only 390,000 German households used modern fiber optic connections to the Internet in 2015, corresponding to around 1 percent of households.
technology
From a technical point of view, DSL from Telekom is ADSL over ISDN with fixed data rates of 384 to 6,016 kbit / s in the downstream and from 64 to 576 kbit / s in the upstream or, in the case of T-DSL 16,000, rate-adaptively switched ADSL2 + with one Data rate corridor from 6 to 16 Mbit / s in the downstream and from 0.5 to 1 Mbit / s in the upstream.
For more technical details, see the articles on ADSL and DSL .
For its triple play bundle offers, Telekom markets VDSL2 connections with bandwidths of up to 50,000 kbit / s in the downstream and up to 10,000 kbit / s in the upstream. The offer of (T-) DSL Business is symmetrical for business customers . This is SDSL , which is switched with fixed data rates of 256 to 2,048 kbit / s both downstream and upstream. In addition, the Internet access via satellite offered by Telekom until the end of August 2011 was marketed under the product name (T-) DSL via satellite .
In February 2014, Deutsche Telekom announced a combination of DSL and LTE connections called Hybrid Access , which is established via a special router. The product was ready for the market at the end of November 2014 and was initially offered regionally.
Initially, the exact conditions and technical details were not known, but reports soon followed on the essential core features, including the unthrottled mobile phone flat rate as part of the connection. The Telekom hybrid connection has been available nationwide since the beginning of March 2015, and technical difficulties became increasingly known, which manifested themselves in frequent malfunctions, connection breaks and circuit problems. Observers are particularly critical of the bundling of DSL with LTE, since Telekom's network only offers average quality in an international comparison.
In the meantime, various hybrid access technologies have been standardized and have established themselves as products from several providers, primarily to improve broadband coverage in rural areas.
Market regulation
DSL and the DSL connections provided by Telekom play a role in broadband / DSL market regulation in the form of the wholesale services T-DSL-Resale , T-DSL-ZISP , ISP-Gate , T-OC-DSL and bitstream access offered to competitors decisive role.
history
The first connections could be switched from July 1, 1999 in Berlin, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Munich and Stuttgart and were only available as ADSL bundle products with T-ISDN and a fixed data rate of 768 kbit / s Downstream and 128 kbit / s offered upstream; from mid-2000 also for analog connections - but initially without a price advantage compared to the product bundle with T-ISDN.
From mid-September 2002, T-DSL 1,500 with a data rate of 1,536 kbit / s in the downstream and 192 kbit / s in the upstream was offered in the entire T-DSL expansion area for connections with relatively short connection lines and from the beginning of December 2002 for connections with longer connection lines also T-DSL 384/64 with half the data rate of the standard T-DSL connection as a fall-back option at the same price as T-DSL 768/128.
From April 2004, connections with 1,024/128, 2,048/192 and 3,072 / 384 kbit / s down / upstream were marketed as standard data rates and the T-DSL price for analog and ISDN connections was adjusted. In mid-2005, the last-mentioned standard data rate was replaced by 6,016 / 576 kbit / s.
Until July 1, 2004, T-DSL was only offered by Telekom. After that, other providers were also able to market the product under their own name ( T-DSL resale ).
From spring 2006, T-DSL 16,000 was offered using ADSL2 + technology in an increasing number of access areas.
Since the end of 2006, Telekom provides an alternate IP - DSL infrastructure their IPTV -Bündelangebote under the name Entertain at - initially only in a few metropolitan areas based on VDSL2 , since August 2007, initially in 750 cities via ADSL2 + .
Since mid-2008, Telekom has had to rent its DSL connections to competitors as so-called standalone bitstream access , without the subscriber having to maintain a conventional Deutsche Telekom landline connection, as is the case with T-DSL Resale ; Since the beginning of 2009, Telekom has also been offering its own customers complete DSL packages on an all-IP connection basis.
| year | DSL connections | Max. Data rate (downstream / upstream) Mbit / s |
|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 2900 | 0.768 / 0.128 |
| 2000 | 0.6 million | 0.768 / 0.128 |
| 2001 | 2.2 million | 0.768 / 0.128 |
| 2002 | 2.8 million | 1.536 / 0.192 |
| 2003 | 4.0 million | 1.536 / 0.384 |
| 2004 | 5.8 million (of which resale 0.2 million) | 3.072 / 0.512 |
| 2005 | 7.9 million (thereof resale 1.6 million) | 6.016 / 0.576 |
| 2006 | 10.3 million (of which resale 3.2 million) | 16 / 1.024 |
| 2007 | 12.5 million (including resale 3.5 million) | 16 / 1.024 |
| 2008 | 13.3 million (thereof Bitstream / Resale 2.7 million and Entertain 0.5 million) |
16 / 1.024 (50/10 with VDSL2) |
abnormalities
Telekom used fixed rate connections for longer connection lines. This was the achievable data transfer rates compared to national and international competitors, the market for several years in such cases Ratenadaptivschaltungen ( English rate adaptive mode , RAM use) significantly limited .
Original plans from autumn 2007 to offer the entire ADSL product portfolio with rate-adaptive switching from the end of 2008 have been repeatedly postponed; Most recently, a sales release planned for February 2010 was withdrawn. The official start of sales for RAM was February 1, 2011. Since then, RAM can be booked for newly ordered connections and connections in the existing contractual relationship.
See also
swell
- ↑ Deutsche Telekom is removing the T-DSL brand
- ↑ New brand structure of Deutsche Telekom ( Memento of the original from June 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Telekom DSL customer development 2008
- ↑ Glass fiber, vectoring, G.fast: Streit in der Netzbranche , Heise Medien. December 5, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ↑ a b Optical fiber distribution: Germany manages the 1 percent hurdle , Heise Medien. February 18, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ↑ Deutsche Telekom: LTE Turbo for DSL landline network. In: teltarif.de. Retrieved February 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Deutsche Telekom celebrates 10 years of Innovation Labs. In: heise online. Retrieved September 24, 2014 .
- ↑ Without throttle: Telekom launches DSL / LTE hybrid offer at DSL conditions. In: teltarif.de. Retrieved November 29, 2014 .
- ↑ Telekom combines VDSL vectoring and LTE at 200 Mbit / s. In: Golem. Retrieved September 23, 2014 .
- ↑ More details on the new Telekom DSL / LTE hybrid offer. In: teltarif.de. Retrieved November 29, 2014 .
- ↑ Official: Telekom's Magenta Home Hybrid now nationwide. In: teltarif.de. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .
- ↑ Telekom Hybrid with speed fluctuations. In: teltarif.de. Retrieved April 30, 2015 .
- ^ The State of LTE. In: OpenSignal. Retrieved September 23, 2014 .
- ↑ Effects of the different DSL switching rules In: c't 8/2007, p. 86f
- ↑ BT Wholesale confirms launch of the Max services In: thinkbroadband.com, March 2, 2006
- ↑ The largest national competitor Arcor (today Vodafone Germany) has been switching all DSL connections in rate-adaptive mode since 2002
- ↑ Telekom wants to convert DSL to "Rate Adaptive" In: heise.de November 2, 2007
- ↑ Telekom prepares DSL at maximum speed In: teltarif.de October 17, 2009
- ↑ Deutsche Telekom starts selling rate-adaptive DSL In: teltarif.de February 2, 2010
- ↑ Telekom: DSL-RAM can be booked immediately In: dsl-magazin.de February 11, 2011
