Tahmorath

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Illustration from an abridged prose version of the Kashmiri shahnameh (18th century); depicted is Tahmuras, the slayer of demons, who receives two divs who humbly beg him to let them die

Tahmorath ( Persian طهمورث, Tahmuras in Shāhnāme , Tachma Urupi , Tahmurath ), the third human king in Persian mythology , son of Hōšang , was supposed to expand his father's achievements. He ruled over seven lands and over demons and evil creatures. He also rode Angra Mainju in the form of a horse:

"[...] and rode on Angra Mainju, who had been transformed into a horse, around the whole earth, from one end to the other, for thirty years"

- Yasht 19, 28f.

Tahmorath in Schahname - Sage III

Firdausi calls in his work Schahname ( Book of Kings ) Tahmorath the Dewenbändiger (demon tamer ). According to his motto:

"Everything that creates benefit on earth,
I'll make it obvious and get it out of custody."

he cut wool from the back of the sheep , and sent people to spin it and make clothes from it. He gave instructions on how to make carpets and domesticated useful birds such as the peregrine falcon . After his predecessor introduced agriculture, mankind was taught animal husbandry under Tahmorath.

Tahmorath. Library of Congress , John Adams Building, detail door. Washington, DC

Tahmorath even succeeded in casting a spell on Ahriman, the personification of evil, and using him as a horse for his rides. Ahriman's demons, jealous of the achievements, he defeated with cunning and strength. With the request to spare their lives the demons (picture on the right) brought the writing to the king. They taught him about thirty alphabets .

“They gave a good word for life:
“ Don't kill us!
Let us teach you a new science , which is useful for you. ”
...
They taught the Chosro the art of writing
With knowledge illuminating the heart drift;
Not a script, about the thirties.
As Greek, Arabic, Persian,
Sogdian, Chinese and Pehlewi,
each shaped like you hear them. "

Tahmorath had a son, Jamschid , who succeeded him on the throne after his death.

literature

  • Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis: Persian Myths. ("Persian Myths"). Reclam, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-15-030025-8 (reprint of the Stuttgart 1994 edition).
  • Friedrich Rückert : Firdosi's Book of Kings (Schahname) Sage I-XIII . epubli, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86931-356-6 , pp. 13-16 (reprint of the first edition, Berlin 1890).
  • Uta von Witzleben : Firdausi: Stories from the Schahnameh. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Düsseldorf and Cologne 1960, pp. 19–22 ( How Thamuras ascends the throne, invents new arts, which Diws defeats and dies ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrich Rückert: Firdosis Book of Kings (Schahname). Say I-XIII. P. 13.
  2. ↑ Trift = path
  3. ^ Friedrich Rückert: Firdosi's book of king (Schahname). Say I-XIII. P. 15.
predecessor Office successor
Hushang King (in Shāhnāme)
70 - 100 according to Gayomarth 		Jamjid