Temple of Venus and Roma

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Temple of Venus and Roma
Rome basemap

The Temple of Venus and Roma ( Latin Templum Veneris et Romae ) is a double temple in Rome . Its preserved remains are on the slope of the Velia facing the Colosseum . The cella facing the Roman Forum was consecrated to the Roman city goddess Roma , in the other the Venus cult was practiced, which was revived by Emperor Hadrian .

The footprint of the temple was 140 by 100 meters, which made it the largest temple in Rome. Its construction began in 121 AD under Hadrian, but was only completed under his successor Antoninus Pius . The construction work required the demolition of the entrance hall of the Domus Aurea built by Nero . The foundations of this building were partially reused. The temple was framed on its long sides by a double portico made of gray granite columns, which had Propylaea . Overall, the architecture of the temple was based more on the Greek than the Roman building rules. He also did not have a high podium, which was mandatory for Roman temples.

Emperor Maxentius had the temple, which had been damaged by fire, restored in 307 and its floor plan changed significantly. The cellae were each supplemented by an apse and their wooden ceiling replaced by a barrel vault .

The western cella is best preserved as it was incorporated into the church of Santa Francesca Romana for a long time . Today it houses an exhibition and collection of antiquities under the name Antiquarium Forense ( Antiquarium des Forum Romanum ).

  • Reconstruction of the ground plan around 1850

  • Reconstruction drawing from 1894

  • Modern reconstruction animation

  • Head of Medusa, which was placed in the temple of Venus and Roma

bibliography

  • Sandro Lorenzatti, Vicende del tempio di Venere e Roma nel Medioevo e nel Rinascimento , in "Rivista dell'Istituto Nazionale di Archeologia e storia dell'Arte", 13, 1990, pp. 119-138.

See also

Web links

Commons : Temple of Venus and Rome (Rome)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ See also Julius Rosenbaum : History of the lust epidemic in antiquity for doctors, philologists and antiquity researchers. Hall 1839; 7th, revised edition, enlarged with an appendix, Verlag von H [ermann] Barsdorf, Berlin 1904 (title: History of the lust epidemic in antiquity together with detailed studies of the Venus and phallic cults, brothels, Νοῦσος ϑήλεια of the Scythians, paederasty and other sexual ones The debauchery of the ancients is represented as a contribution to the correct explanation of their writings. ) Pp. 45–59 ( Der Venusultus ).
View from the Colosseum

Coordinates: 41 ° 53 ′ 27.2 "  N , 12 ° 29 ′ 23.1"  E