Territorial zone
The territorial zone (military abbreviation: Ter Zo) was an organizational unit ("Grosser Verband") of the territorial service of the Swiss Army , which was created with the troop leadership in 1969 (TF69). The territorial zone was 1995 Territorial Division and 2004 territorial region renamed.
prehistory
The Territorial Service (Ter D) was created in 1887 as a territorial entity (eight territorial districts) with a service and combat mandate through an ordinance of the Federal Council . In 1912, the Territorial Service was given the additional task of preparing and securing the mobilization and deployment of the army. The two main tasks of service and combat missions remained until the end of the Second World War .
The territorial zones were created with the 1936 troop order (TO 36/38), came into force on January 1, 1939 and formed the basis for the Swiss Army in World War II. The newly created border brigades took on the task of securing the state border and mobilizing the field army. The territorial service on local defense. The section boundaries of the 13 new territorial districts were removed from the cantonal boundaries and adapted to the military section boundaries.
With the move to the Reduit from July 1940, the task of the territorial service shifted again from the rear service to local defense and he was therefore subordinated to the army group front. The changed war technique after 1945, when war takes place everywhere, led to the limitation of the combat mission to local defense, while the service contract became comprehensive logistics . In 1947 a four-level hierarchy was created: (four) territorial zones, districts, regions and local territorial commanders.
With the 1961 troop order (TO 61), the previous four territorial zones were transformed into six territorial brigades and placed under the command of the corps . In 1967 the local defenses were dissolved.
Territorial zones
The overall defense concept enshrined in law in 1969 led to the reorganization of the territorial service and the adaptation of the section boundaries to the area of the army corps and the cantonal and language boundaries. The six territorial brigades were renamed into six territorial zones and placed under the army corps as a new army unit. The four-level hierarchical order with the territorial commands per zone, district, region, municipality was retained. At the district level, the military structure (Ter Kr) corresponded to the civil organization (canton).
Territorial zone 1
Territorial zone 1 comprised the bilingual cantons of Bern and Friborg as well as the French-speaking cantons of Vaud, Neuchâtel and Geneva and was subordinate to Field Army Corps 1 .
Territorial zone 2
Territorial zone 2 comprised the half-cantons of Basel-Stadt (District 21) and Basel-Landschaft (District 21) as well as the cantons of Solothurn, Aargau and Lucerne and was subordinate to Field Army Corps 2 . It was divided into four territorial districts (one per canton) and the city command Basel 211. This included 3 air raid regiments, 2 hospital regiments, 2 supply regiments, 2 care departments, 1 engine transport department and the Ter Zo 2 staff battalion. A total of around 25,000 conscripts were assigned.
Territorial zone 4
The cantons of Zurich, Schaffhausen, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Innerrhoden, St. Gallen and Thurgau belonged to Territorial Zone 4, which was subordinate to Field Army Corps 4 . The area of the previous Territorial Brigade 4 was expanded with the area of Sargans.
Territorial zone 9
The Alpine region had three territorial zones 9, 10 and 12, which were subordinate to Mountain Army Corps 3 . Territorial zone 9 with the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, Obwalden and Nidwalden, Glarus, Zug and Ticino was flanked by Ter Zo 10 in the west and Ter Zo 12 in the east.
Territorial zone 10
Territorial zone 10 comprised the territory of the canton of Valais and corresponded to a single territorial district.
Territorial zone 12
Territorial zone 12 comprised the area of the canton of Graubünden and corresponded to a single territorial area.
Army 95 and XXI
With Army 95 , the territorial zones were renamed territorial divisions and the territorial districts were abolished. A territorial regiment was created for each canton, consisting of one or more territorial infantry battalions, depending on the size of the canton.
The Army XXI 2004 brought a change in the entire army structure. The army corps were abolished, the leadership centralized in a command staff in the army command. The territorial divisions were renamed territorial regions and the cantonal territorial regiments with the protective infantry were dissolved.
literature
- Report of the Chief of the General Staff of the Army to the Commander-in-Chief of the Army on Active Service 1939–1945 , Bern 1946.
- Board of the Swiss Society of Territorial Service Officers (Ed.): 100 Years of Territorial Service, 25 years of the Swiss Society of Territorial Service Officers . 1988
- Daniel Nicolas: Le service territorial depuis 1887. Communication of the Swiss Society of Officers of the Territorial Service No. 23, Emmenbrücke 1972
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ W. Nicolas: The Territorial Service since 1877 . General Swiss military magazine ASMZ, issue 1, volume 154, 1988
- ↑ Swiss Air Protection Officers Society; Swiss Society of Officers of the Territorial Service (Ed.): Reorganization of the territorial organization: from the Federal Council's message. Protection and Defense: Journal of Total Defense. Issue 3-4, Volume 35, 1969
- ^ Hans Rudolf Ammann: Territorial zone 4 in the overall defense exercise "Dreizack" . ASMZ issue 7-8 volume 153, 1987
- ↑ Rudolf Cajochen: The territorial zone 12 . General Swiss military magazine ASMZ. Issue 3, Volume 154, 1988
- ↑ Territorial regions 1 to 4 ( Memento of the original from March 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
