Tetrasaccharides
Tetrasaccharides (outdated quadruple sugar ) are organic-chemical compounds from the group of carbohydrates . Tetrasaccharides are formally formed from four monosaccharide units ( simple sugars ) by splitting off water (three equivalents of water). The monosaccharide units are covalently linked in the tetrasaccharide via three glycosidic bonds . The tetrasaccharides belong to the group of oligosaccharides .
If an anomeric carbon atom is involved in the bond, reducing sugars are formed .
Acarbose is a pseudotetrasaccharide , a drug from the group of antimetabolites . It is used to treat diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ).
| Surname | chemical compound | Function / occurrence |
|---|---|---|
| Lychnose (1-α-galactosyl raffinose ) | O-α- D -Gal p - (1 → 6) -O-α- D -Glu p - (1 → 2) -O-β- D -Fru f - (1 → 1) -O-α- D -Gal p | |
| Maltotetraose | O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 4) -O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 4) -O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 4) - D -Glc p | in corn syrup |
| Nigerotetraose | O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 3) -O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 3) -O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 3) - D -Glc p | |
| Nystose (β- D- fructosyl-1-kestose) | O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 2) -β- D -Fru f - (1 → 2) -β- D -Fru f - (1 → 2) -β- D -Fru f | |
| Sesamose | O-α- D -Gal p - (1 → 6) -O-α- D -Gal p - (1 → 6) -O-β- D -Fru f - (2 → 1) -O-α- D -Glc p | |
| Stachyosis | O-α- D -Gal p - (1 → 6) -O-α- D -Gal p - (1 → 6) -O-α- D -Glc p - (1 → 2) -β- D -Fru f | widespread in plants ( artichoke , soybean ) |
literature
- Hans-Dieter Belitz , Werner Grosch , Peter Schieberle : Textbook of food chemistry . 6th completely revised edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-73201-3 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-73202-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Siegfried Hauptmann : Organic Chemistry , 2nd reviewed edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , p. 649.