Therapeutic climbing

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Therapeutic climbing , also known as climbing therapy , is a form of therapy that uses climbing . It is used in particular in paediatrics , orthopedics , sports therapy and as a component of psychotherapy . It is offered by physiotherapists , occupational therapists and psychotherapists, among others .

development

Therapeutic climbing was initially used primarily in orthopedics and neurology for rehabilitation . Climbing is now increasingly used by psychologists as part of psychotherapy or behavioral therapy . It is less about the sporting effect of training, but about various therapeutic and rehabilitative approaches: In the area of motor skills , this includes the treatment of coordination disorders , the promotion of fine and gross motor skills, strength, endurance, as well as reaction and resilience. In perception, balance, depth and surface sensitivity, spatial perception and the body scheme are promoted. By promoting self-confidence, self-esteem, trust, a sense of responsibility and self-assessment, the socio-emotional area is addressed and strengthened. Mental abilities ( cognition ) are improved by defining a goal, planning action, memory, concentration and creating problem-solving strategies.

Therapeutic climbing is a relatively new form of therapy that, despite previous experience and a positive prognosis with regard to the course of the disease, is still used relatively rarely.

Areas of application

  • Orthopedics : Here climbing offers approaches for functional and effective advanced training without having to forego the motivational aspect of sport in traumatological-orthopedic rehabilitation . It promotes motor skills, muscle stabilization, body control and movement sequences. This sport climbing training can, for example, supplement classic physiotherapy and can be prescribed after ligament and joint injuries as well as postural problems.
  • Neurology : In the case of strokes and multiple sclerosis , therapeutic climbing is used to train body awareness and improve physical coordination in everyday life. The brain is also stimulated.
  • Geriatrics : In addition to the positive psychological effects such as increasing motivation and self-confidence and reducing fears, increasing balance, flexibility and muscle strength are particularly important here. In this way, increased independence and mobility can be achieved, and the frequency of falls is also reduced.
  • Psychotherapy : Therapeutic climbing as part of psychological / psychotherapeutic treatment is diverse. It can be used as an exposure exercise in patients with anxiety and panic disorders . For patients with a body schema disorder such as body dysmorphic disorders or in the context of an eating disorder ( bulimia , anorexia ) for body awareness, or for depression for activation. Due to the high so-called density of experiences , therapeutic climbing is also suitable for preventing the threatening social isolation of the mentally ill.

Effects and working principle

Climbing is highly motivating. Patients gain self-confidence in their physical abilities, as they can work both at standing height and beyond.

Through the necessary combination of dynamic muscle work (dynamic-concentric, dynamic-eccentric), because for climbing, static and dynamic muscle work is required alternately. As well as moving in closed muscle function chains. And by calling up three-dimensional movement patterns in which pressure and stretch receptors in muscles, but also tendons, joint capsules and connective tissue such. B. be stimulated by pressure, stretching, relaxation or by stretching ( PNF-like pattern) climbing has a holistic effect on the musculoskeletal system. The sense of balance is promoted by constant control of the body's center of gravity and stabilization.

literature

  • Peter Klein, Erich Schunk: Climbing. Coordinative-oriented sports . 1st edition Hofmann, Schorndorf 2005, ISBN 3-7780-0141-8 . (Practical ideas 14; 187 pages)
  • Anne-Claire Kowald, Alexis Zajetz: "Therapeutic climbing - fields of application in psychotherapy and education". Schattauer GmbH; Edition: 1st (December 31, 2014). ISBN 978-3794529681
  • Kurt Meinel, Günter Schnabel: Movement theory - sports motor skills. Outline of a theory of sports motor skills from an educational point of view . 11., revised. and exp. Edition Meyer & Meyer, Aachen 2007, ISBN 3-89899-245-4 , pp. 238, 343, 371, 376. (Textbook; 501 pages; standard work )
  • Dieter Lazik, F. Bittmann: Experience report on therapeutic climbing . Institute for Sports Medicine and Prevention at the University of Potsdam , undated
  • Dieter Lazik: Therapeutic climbing . Thieme, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 3-13-145731-7 . (Physiofachbuch; 144 pages)
  • Guido Köstermeyer: Peak performance. Climbing training of A-Z . 5th, exp. Tmms-Verlag, Korb 2008, ISBN 978-3-930650-52-1 . (Textbook; 146 pages)
  • Ivette Mehlhorn: Therapeutic climbing, diploma thesis at the University of Potsdam, 1999

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Report on therapeutic climbing in psychiatry at the University Clinic Tübingen
  2. ↑ Dieter Lazik, F. Bittmann: Experience report on therapeutic climbing . Institute for Sports Medicine and Prevention of the University of Potsdam , no year, section “2. Theoretical Basics ".
  3. ↑ Dieter Lazik, F. Bittmann: Experience report on therapeutic climbing . Institute for Sports Medicine and Prevention of the University of Potsdam , no year, section “1. Introduction and Problem ".
  4. ↑ Therapeutic climbing improves independence, mobility and balance in geriatric patients , abstract by Helene Fleissner u. a., study at the Laas regional hospital in Kötschach-Mauthen , Austria ; Contribution to the 4th Austrian-German Geriatrics Congress 2009; on the website of the Austrian Society for Geriatrics and Gerontology (accessed on March 10, 2009).
  5. ↑ Markus Brunner: Seniors in the climbing wall. Climbing in geriatrics - a form of therapy with a future (link no longer available in August 2011, last March 10, 2009) Service magazine of the geriatric health centers , 2007, on ggz.graz.at