Thomas Daniel (Knight)

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Sir Thomas Daniel of Castle Rising (also Daniell , * before 1440, † after 1474) was an English knight .

Life

Thomas Daniel was an ambitious esquire who knew how to forge alliances and advance his career. In the 1440s he was a supporter of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk and is also known as his friend. Daniel became sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1446 and was a member of the local Suffolk government in 1447/48.

He managed to gain a foothold at the royal court, to gain a position as Esquire to the Kings Body , and from 1449 as Usher of the Chamber . Thomas Daniel is known as the most notorious, most notorious, but also most influential servant in the immediate vicinity of King Henry VI. designated.

His reputation is based on the fact that Thomas Daniel pursued his goals in an uncompromising and ruthless manner and did not shy away from anything in the choice of his means. In 1446 he succeeded in fraudulently getting into the possession of Rydon Manor by getting his sister Elizabeth's potential groom, Henry Wodehouse, to transfer Rydon Manor to him before the wedding. When ownership was transferred, Wodehouse found that Elizabeth was already married. Daniel refused to return the lands and used his influence on the king, so that in April 1447 he even got the right to expand and bequeath Rydon Manor. It was not until 1455 that a petition from Henry Wodehouse was successful, so that he regained his property, but Daniel did not have to pay any compensation for the past few years. Thomas Daniel has been linked to grievous theft of livestock in other cases as well, and one of his men is believed to have been involved in an attempted murder.

Not only did Daniel skillfully use his proximity to the King and Duke of Suffolk , but also to John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk , in all his machinations. With John Mowbray Daniel was distantly related by marriage and Mowbray supported him, also to develop his own influence in the county of Suffolk. Daniel played an important role for Mowbray in his ambitions, with Thomas Daniel ultimately never losing sight of his own goals and sometimes in Norfolk against other supporters of Mowbray. John Mowbray is said to have supported Daniel in the case with Henry Wodehouse and Rydon Manor as well.

In July 1447 Daniel was entrusted with the task ( Commission ) of coordinating some maritime missions to protect against enemies of the king. A little later, Daniel was even asked to stand with one team in the lake, which in this case also ships of the Hanseatic were targeted. Daniel is said to have captured at least one ship of the Hanseatic League, the Georg von Prussia , and then renamed it Daniel's Hulk . John Fastolf had co-financed this expedition, with Daniel making no repayment until 1455.

In September 1448 Daniel Castle Rising was promised as steward and constable of Castle Rising . According to a source, he was only able to take over the castle after the death of the then constable , Lord Cromwell , in 1456. Another source reports that he took over the castle earlier and gave it back in 1455. On the contrary, there is also the opinion that he only lost the castle to Edward IV during the Wars of the Roses in 1461 .

In the summer of 1450, during the Jack Cade rebellion , Thomas Daniel was on the list of rebels as a traitor to be punished . King Henry VI. In the same year, issued an order prohibiting everyone from carrying weapons. All lords, knights and important esquires were exempt from the prohibition, with Thomas Daniel being named here as an esquire. Daniel was also in the same year the steward of the Duchy of Lancaster beyond Trent appointed and taught along with other 1451 a petition to parliament, which demanded that Windsor Castle is a permanent garrison to protect the king and the heir to the throne, Edward of Westminster received, should. The garrison should be under the leadership of Daniel and the other signatories.

Thomas Daniel was related by marriage to John Howard , who later became the 1st Duke of Norfolk from the House of Howard , and also served as an elite archer for Howard. For this Daniel was rewarded beyond the usual extent, including a house.

Described as an uncompromising supporter of the House of Lancaster , Daniel fought at the Battle of Towton during the Wars of the Roses in 1461 . Daniel is said to have also tried to organize a revolt against Edward IV in the county of Norfolk, and after the defeat at Towton fled with Henry VI. and Margaret of Anjou in exile in Scotland. In England the first parliament under Edward IV imposed a Bill of Attainder on Daniel, so that he lost all his rights and possessions in England. But Thomas Daniel remained an active Lancasterian until the late 1460s.

It was not until the mid-1470s made Daniel his peace with the ruling House of York , was rehabilitated and was knighted as a Knight Bachelor . King Edward IV appointed him Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1474/75 and enfeoffed him with the feudal barony of Rathware (also Rathweir ) in County Meath, Ireland .

Marriage and offspring

Thomas Daniel was married to Margaret, a daughter of Sir Robert Howard and Margaret Mowbray. John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk and Edward Nevill, 3rd Baron Bergavenny were his brothers-in-law.

The couple had the following offspring:

  • Thomas
  • Edmund
  • George

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Anthony Goodman: The Wars of the Roses. Military Activity and English Society 1452-1497. Taylor + Francis, 1990, ISBN 978-0-415-05264-1 , p. 45
  2. ^ A b Samuel Bentley: Excerpta Historica. S. Bentley London 1831, p. 162
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l R. A. Griffith: The Reign of Henry VI. The Excersise of Royal Authority 1422-1461. University of California Press 1981, ISBN 0-520-04372-3 , p. 326 / S. 329 / S. 333 / S. 337-338 / S. 363 / S. 428 / S. 431 / S. 613 / S. 683
  4. ↑ a b c d e A. Ramsey: Paston Letters. Volume I, Charles Knigh & Co London 1840, p. 14 / p. 107 / S. 119
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Helen Castor: The King, The Crown and the Duchy of Lancaster , OUP Oxford 2000, ISBN 978-0-191-54248-0 , pp. 121-123 / S. 140 / S. 172 / S. 176
  6. ^ A b Harris Nicholas: Proceedings and Ordinances of the Provy Council of England 1422-1439. Volume VI, London 1837, p. XXV
  7. ↑ a b c d R. Beadle, C. Richmond: Paston Letters and Papers of the Fifteen Century, Part III. Oxford University Press 2004, ISBN 978-0-197-22423-6 , p. 68.
  8. ↑ a b c d e John Fenn: Original Letters written during the Reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV and Richard III. Volume I, GGJ, J. Robinson, London 1787, p. 138 / p. 208-209
  9. ^ A b P. Burley, M. Elliot, H. Watson: The Battles of St. Albans , Pen & Sword 2013, ISBN 978-1-473-81903-0 , p. 54
  10. ↑ John S. Roskell: Parliament and Politics in late Medieval England, Part 2. A&C Black 1981, ISBN 978-0-950-68829-9 , p. 270
  11. ^ A b Anne Crawford: John Howard Duke of Norfolk 1425-1485. A&C Black 2010, ISBN 978-1-441-16551-0 , p. 29 / p. 35 / S. 158
  12. ^ Towton Battlefield Society
  13. ^ A b William Prynne: An Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower of London. London 1657, p. 695.
  14. ^ Dorothy J. Clayton: The Administration of the County Palatine of Chester 1442-1485 , Manchester University Press 1990, ISBN 978-0-719-01343-0 , p. 126
  15. ^ A b Douglas Richardson: Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families. ISBN 978-146-104513-7 , p. 271 / S. 498
  16. ^ A b Bernard Burke: A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited and Extinct Peerages , Harrison London 1866, p. 154
  17. ↑ a b G. Brenant, EP Statham: The House of Howard. Volume I, Hutchinson London 1907, p. 16
personal data
SURNAME Daniel, Thomas
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Daniell, Thomas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English knight
DATE OF BIRTH before 1440
DATE OF DEATH after 1474