Deep sea octopus
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Deep-sea octopus ( Graneledone boreopacifica ) with a red color |
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| Graneledone boreopacifica | ||||||||||||
| Nesis , 1982 |
The deep-sea octopus ( Graneledone boreopacifica ) is a cephalopod from the genus Graneledone within the family of the real octopus (Octopodidae). He lives in the Pacific Ocean .
features
anatomy
Graneledone boreopacifica has a mantle length of 145 millimeters. Along the mantle there are cartilage-like structures arranged in clusters, the number of which varies between three and twelve warts per structure. They vary in size from one to three millimeters. Spread over the coat and head there are between 36 and 47 warts of different sizes.
There are 60–82 suction cups on each arm . In male animals, the third right arm forms the hectocotylus . There are 36–38 suction cups on this special mating arm. The tip forms a ligula without transverse ribs.
The funnel organ of the deep-sea octopus has the shape of a double V. The gills have 7–8 lamellae per demibranch . There are no cross folds. The radula consists of nine elements, seven rows of teeth and edge plates.
Appearance
The normal skin color varies between a pale purple and white. Like all real octopuses , the deep-sea octopus can adapt its appearance to its surroundings. This camouflage is a combination of different chromatophores and a change in skin texture.
The deep-sea octopus has supraocular cirrus . With 3–12 units, which have a diameter of 1–3 millimeters, the deep-sea octopus has the most morphological wart clusters among the species of the genus Graneledone .
Way of life
Occurrence
The deep-sea octopus is a widespread boreal species found in the northern Pacific around the Japanese Islands , in the Sea of Okhotsk off the coast of Russia, and on the American west coast from Alaska to southern California . It lives at a depth between 1000 and 3000 meters below sea level.
Reproduction
The eggs are roughly the size of an olive and are transparent in appearance. Females were observed guarding their eggs for four and a half years. A similarly long breeding season is not known of any other living being in the entire animal kingdom. The females stay with the eggs without taking any food, even when potential prey is very close. During this time the animals get thinner and the skin is pale. After the young have hatched, the females die. Graneledone boreopacifica outperforms most cephalopods in lifetime.
Taxonomy
The species Graneledone pacifica , which was described in 1990 by Voss & Pearcy and again in 1998 by Eric Hochberg , is identical ( synonym ) with Graneledone boreopacifica .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Norman, Finn, Roper & Jereb - Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalog of cephalopod species known to date
- ↑ Janet R. Voight & Jeffrey C. Drazen - Hatchlings of the deep-sea octopus Graneledone boreopacifica are the largest and most advanced known (Oxfordjournal)
- ↑ a b c Ibáñez1, Pardo-Gandarillas1, Poulin1 & Sellanes Morphological and molecular description of a new record of Graneledone (Cephalopoda, Octopodidae) in the southeastern Pacific Ocean
- ↑ a b c Morphological and molecular description of a new record of Graneledone ....
- ^ B. Robison, B. Seibel, J. Drazen: Deep-sea octopus (Graneledone boreopacifica) conducts the longest-known egg-brooding period of any animal. In: PloS one. Volume 9, number 7, 2014, p. E103437, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0103437 , PMID 25075745 , PMC 4116195 (free full text).
- ↑ Skin as superreflectors
- ↑ Octopodidae - Article at Tree of Life
- ↑ a b c d Seawater Lexicon - Graneledone boreopacifica
- ↑ a b Emily Chung - Octopus mom waits record 4½ years for eggs to hatch (CBCnews)
