Toe loop
Toeloop ([ ˈtuːluːp ] or English [ ˈtoʊluːp ]; Germanized from English toe loop 'toe loop') denotes a special twist jump in figure skating and roller figure skating . The runners jump into the air and turn one or more times around their own body axis in order to then land safely on one leg again. The movement of the toe loop is very similar to the pirouette in ballet .
execution
In order to be able to perform a toe loop, the figure skater has to stretch his left leg (ankle bone) far and straight back. After a so-called inward threesome, he taps the left prong on the elongated leg backwards into the ice, dragging his left arm in the process. While the skater pulls the bent right leg towards him to gain momentum, he jumps off the left prong and rotates counterclockwise once or, depending on the speed and momentum, several times around himself, and finally back on the outer edge of the right runner to land.
In pair skating, when two figure skaters run together, a so-called "thrown toe loop" can be performed: one of the two takes his partner by the hands and lifts him up when jumping.
history
The toe loop was invented in the 1920s by Bruce Mapes , an American professional ice skater. The first ice skater who jumped and stood a triple toe loop in a competition was Thomas Litz in the World Figure Skating Championship in 1964. The Canadian Kurt Browning had the first quadruple toe loop in the World Championship on March 25, 1988 - it was also figure skating the first ever quadruple jump in a competition and earned Browning an entry in the Guinness Book of Records .
In 1999, Ilja Klimkin was the first figure skater at the Nebelhorn Trophy in Oberstdorf to show two different quadruple jumps in one program with a Salchow and a Toeloop. In 2002, Yevgeny Pljuschtschenko was the first figure skater to jump the combination of four-way toe loop / three-way toe loop / three-way toe loop at the Cup of Russia .
literature
- Waltraud Witte: Figure skating basics . Meyer & Meyer, Aachen 2008 (new edition), ISBN 3898993310 .
- Carole Shulman: The Complete Book of Figure Skating . Human Kinetics, Illinois 2002, ISBN 0736035486 .
- Ellyn Kestnbaum: Culture on Ice: Figure Skating & Cultural Meaning . Wesleyan University Press, Middletown 2003, ISBN 081956642X .
- Lynn Kirby: A Perfect Landing (= Winning Edge Series , Volume 1). Thomas Nelson Inc., Nashville 1998, ISBN 0849958350 .
- Kristi Yamaguchi, Christy Kjarsgaard-Ness, Jody Meacham: Figure skating for dummies . John Wiley & Sons, Foster City 1997, ISBN 0764550845 .
