Tonalism (painting)
James McNeill Whistler: Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket , ca.1875
Tonalism ( 1880 to 1915 ) is a style of painting that emerged when American artists began to paint landscapes in an overarching tone of colored atmosphere or haze.
Dark, neutral shades of color such as gray, brown or blue usually dominate such compositions. During the late 1890s, American art critics began using the term "tonal" for these works.
The term tonalism is also sometimes used to describe American landscapes derived from the French Barbizon school , which placed particular emphasis on mood and shade.
Two leading painters in these two directions are George Inness and James McNeill Whistler .
Tonalism, in both forms, was soon overshadowed by the popularity of Impressionism and European Modern Art .
Well-known representatives
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literature
- Tonalism - An American Experience, Diana Dimodica Sweet, Robert R. Preato, William H. Gerdts , Grand Central Art Galleries, 1982
- The Poetic Vision: American Tonalism, Ralph Sessions, Ira Spanierman Gallery, 200 pp., 2005, ISBN 0-945936-74-5
- Intimate Landscapes: Charles Warren Eaton And The Tonalist Movement In American Art, 1880–1920: Tonalism in American Painting, David Adams Cleveland, Antique Collectors' Club, 112 pp., 2007, ISBN 0-9760374-0-8
- American tonalism: Selections from the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Montclair Art Museum, Kevin J. Avery, The Museum, 40 pp., 1999, ISBN 0-936489-58-8
- Color of Mood: American Tonalism, 1880-1910, Wanda M. Corn, MH de Young Memorial Museum , 46 pp., 1972
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ http://www.tfaoi.com/newsm1/n1m555.htm February 5, 2007