Goalie
The Torguten or Torghuud (also Turguten, Mongolian: Торгууд / Torguud) are one of the four main tribes of the Western Mongolian Oirats . The other tribes are the Chorosen , Dürbeten and Khoshuud .
The Torguts originally lived south of the Altai Mountains and moved from 1610 under Khu Urluk far to the west through all of Central Asia, first in the direction of the Urals , in order to settle on the lower Volga from 1632 . In alliance with the Dürbeten under Dalay-Bagatur, they defeated the Muslim nomadic pre-inhabitants of the Nogaier , who submitted to a few defeats and migrated to the west in 1635.
The arrival of the Torguten shifted the balance of power in Eastern Europe for a while.
Its most important Khan was Ayuki (ruled 1670-1724), who attacked individual Russian cities (e.g. Kazan ) until he was entrusted by Tsar Peter I with the Russian border protection.
At the beginning of 1771 a majority under Ubashi Khan decided to return to the old settlement area on the Altai, only 66,000 of over 169,000 people survived and reached the Ili River.
In Russia, the Oirats who stayed behind, most of them Torguten, were called Kalmyks .
Today, more than 150,000 live in China's Xinjiang and more than 10,000 in Mongolia . About 170,000 Kalmyks live in Russia .
Personalities
Individual evidence
- ↑ The term was used by Islamic historians for the Oirats since the 14th century and was later adopted by the Russians for Oirats splinter groups settling on the Volga. Cf. M. Weiers: Geschichte der Mongolen, pp. 165, 185.