Black Mission

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Flowering figs of the Black Mission variety, also known as Albacor
Autumn figs of the Black Mission variety

Black Mission , also known as Franciscan fig , Franciscana and Albacor , is a very old and world-wide spread fig variety of the species Ficus carica , which is widely grown in California , the Valencian Country and the Balearic Islands . She is known for her excellent taste and high yields. She is a double-bearing house fig.

The species was in 1768 by missionaries of the Franciscan introduced in California that the first trees in San Diego planted. The variety and was there for a long time the only important fig variety. It is well adapted to drier summers.

Synonyms

Due to its wide distribution, the variety has a myriad of synonyms: "Franziskanerfeige", "Franciscana", "Mission", "Albacor", "California Black", "Ademuz", "Albacora", "Alcacer", "Aubacó", "Aubergine", "Bacorera", "Beers Black", "Betera", "Biberaeo", "Brebal", "Breval Málaga", "Charles Allen" "Coll de Dama Negra", "Colar Elche", "Colar d ' Albatera "," Colar "," Cuello de Dama Negro "," Douro Vebra "," Florancha "," Goen "," Gouraud Noir "," Gourreau Noir "," Gourreau du Languedoc "," Napolitana Negra Brevera Foyos ", “Negra”, “Negra Málaga”, “Reculver”, “Torrebaja” and “Vivareo”.

tree

Black Mission is very vigorous, but in Central Europe usually only reaches a height of 3–4 m and a width of the same amount. In the Mediterranean climate , the trees grow very large. The leaf is five-lobed and incised to different depths.

fruit

The flowering figs of the Black Mission variety are dark purple to black and ripen in Germany in September. They usually weigh between 40 and 50 grams. In terms of size and color, the autumn figs are roughly the same as the flowering figs, but somewhat more rounded in shape. They no longer come to maturity in Germany. The pulp of both fig forms is light reddish. In terms of taste, the fruits are excellent.

Eligibility in Germany

Black Mission is not very hardy , which is why cultivation outdoors is hardly possible in Germany. Also for the culture in a pot the variety is not particularly useful because, due to the relatively short growing season in Germany only the first fig generation matures. However, it bears fruit even without pollination .

See also

literature

  • Ira J. Condit: Fig Varieties: A Monograph in HILGARDIA: A Journal of Agricultural Science Published by the California Agricultural Experiment Station, Volume 23, February 1955, Number 11, pages 323-539.
  • Gustav Eisen : The Fig: Its History, Culture, and Curing, with a Descriptive Catalog of the Known Varieties of Figs , Washington, DC 1901,
  • Christoph Seiler: Figs from your own garden , Verlag Eugen Ulmer , Stuttgart 2016.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ira J. Condit: Fig Varieties: A Monograph , pages 437-439 in HILGARDIA: A Journal of Agricultural Science Published by the California Agricultural Experiment Station, Volume 23, February 1955, Number 11, pages 323-539.
  2. ↑ a b c d Christoph Seiler: Figs from your own garden , Stuttgart 2016, page 61.
  3. ^ Gustav Eisen: The Fig: Its History, Culture, and Curing, with a Descriptive Catalog of the Known Varieties of Figs , Washington, DC 1901, page 255.
  4. ↑ Black Mission at Figues du Mode.