Traubenberg (Zollikon)
The Haus zum Traubenberg is located in Zollikon near Zurich at Seestrasse 83. It was probably built in the first half of the 15th century and is one of the most striking buildings on the right bank of Lake Zurich. Because of its rich interior and as the residence of the Zurich mayor family Escher , it is of great architectural and cultural significance. The house is under federal monument protection .
Until 1838 the building stood directly on the water, only separated from the lake by a narrow footpath. Ships docked at their own port. In 1838 the bank in front of the house was filled up for the construction of the Seestrasse, which led to a number of legal disputes between the then owner, the former Zurich city councilor Conrad Hirzel and the Zurich council.
description
The Traubenberg is a two-story, elongated building with a basement and a gable roof. Like other large country houses, the narrow side faces the lake. The whole building is covered with a uniform plaster. The original division into the mansion facing the sea, a plastered solid stone building, and the leaseholder's house made of exposed framework is no longer recognizable. The original division can no longer be seen inside either. Characteristic are the two pointed helmets, which are pronounced symbols of rulership and are also found in other country estates on Lake Zurich.
The Traubenberg is one of those buildings that have been captured in the picture again and again, mostly on behalf of the respective owners, and are therefore very well documented. The best known is probably the copper engraving by Johann Melchior Füssli , which first appeared in a series on Lake Zurich country houses in 1717 and was accompanied by a personal dedication to Johann Jakob Escher vom Glas. Thanks to its striking location, the Grape Mountain is also often depicted on brochures on the lake shore.
history
Farm "In der Hell"
In 1446 a simple farm is mentioned for the first time, which was probably called in der hell (hell) because of its low location on the lake . A little later, in a document in 1480, 2 chambers reben in the guldinen halden by der hell and 1546 Klewi Stöwli hus in der hell appear .
As can be seen from a wooden toboggan from 1576, the house must have passed from the Streuli family to a Hottinger family from Zurich: Jakob Hottinger from Zurich has 1 Gerter, 2 Vierl. Wood bought from Bartli Bumen, which he should use to sim hus in the hell . Said Jakob Hottinger was a bailiff in the Johanniterstift in Küsnacht . In 1599 he had a generous mansion added to the existing farmhouse, so that the tenant and owner lived under one roof. The year can be found on the capital of a column in the east wall of the ground floor and again in the lintel of the east entrance door. The painted beamed ceilings on the first and second floors, which came to light during a renovation in 1964/65, also date from the same period. The oldest ceiling in the music room on the first floor shows black and white motifs; the most beautiful pattern covers the large salon on the narrow side of the lake on the second floor.
Escher family, 1672–1763
Gut In der Hell on the Gygerplan from 1667
Gut Traubenberg on the redrawing of the Gyger plan (18th century)
On September 11, 1672, the estate was sold to the Escher family from Zurich, along with 40,000 m² of herb and tree gardens, 7 Jucharten vines, 4 Jucharten arable land, meadows and forest and a hemp-pündt, barn and stable with cows . The buyer was Hans Caspar Escher vom Glas (1625–1696), muslin manufacturer and from 1691 to 1696 mayor of the city of Zurich. After the Trubenberg, he bought Schwandegg Castle near Waltalingen in 1679 and later Girsberg Castle near Oberstammheim . Presumably these noble estates gave the impetus for the renovations and stately interiors in the Traubenberg. The beamed ceiling in the western room on the second floor, painted with fruit and leaf ornaments, probably dates from that time; the year 1679 can be found on an arched lintel. Since then, a man-high wall has separated the garden from the riverside path. After the death of Hans Caspar Escher, the house passed to his son Hans Jakob (1656–1734), Mayor of the City and Republic of Zurich from 1711 to 1734. In 1734 the estate came into the possession of his only son Hans Caspar (1678–1762), who was mayor from 1740 until his death.
The three mayors of Escher made the “In der Hell” estate a model estate for viticulture, fruit and garden culture and gave it the new name “Grape Mountain”. The Escher's diary-like records exist from the period from 1685 to 1755, which report on the events around the Grape Hill. As a country residence near the city, it was often the place of residence of guests from abroad who visited Zurich. Hans Caspar Escher bequeathed the Grape Hill to his granddaughter Susanna (1732–1801), who married Hans Conrad Hirzel (1728–1797) from Zurich in 1763. With her death, the branch of the Escher vom Traubenberg went out.
1711, on the right the mountain of grapes - engraving by Johann Jakob Hofmann
around 1750 - depiction on a stove tile
1794, on the right the mountain of grapes - engraving by Heinrich Bruppacher
around 1830
Hirzel family, 1763–1845
In 1801, Susanne's son Conrad Hirzel-Escher (1772–1844), who led a Swiss regiment in the service of the French king during the French Revolution , became the owner of the house . In 1799, at the second battle for Zurich , he was in English service. When the Russians withdrew over the Zollikerberg on September 26th, they left a heavy forged iron chest near the Burghölzli hill. It is said to have been brought to the Traubenberg by an innkeeper from Forch and is now in the entrance hall on the ground floor. In a side door of a piece of furniture from 1803 in the State Museum (LM 19645) there are two handwritten sheets of paper that confirm this fact. The chest is equipped with such an ingenious locking mechanism that it can only be opened with expert help despite keys.
Conrad Hirzel later became a city councilor in Zurich. After his death, the estate belonged to his son Hans Caspar Hirzel (1808–1845) for a short time.
around 1910
View from Guggerstrasse
around 1930, without the turrets
around 1930, from the north
Meyer family, 1845–1974
After the early death of her brother Hans Caspar, his sister Anna Cleophea Hirzel (1817-1884) took over the Traubenberg in 1845. Through her marriage in 1841 to Hans Jakob Meyer (1802–1863), the Traubenberg came into the possession of the Meyer family for 130 years in 1845. After her death, her son Jakob Hermann Meyer (1844–1927) and her grandson Bruno Meyer-Landolt (1871–1935) continued to prudently manage the estate. In 1906 electric lights were installed and the bathing house built directly on the lake.
In 1935 Meyer's widow Bertha Meyer-Landolt and her two daughters Anna Margrit Meyer (1901–1997) and Elisabeth Häsli-Meyer took over the inheritance. In 1950 the large barn northwest of the main building was removed; the land was sold for the construction of apartment buildings.
Ceiling in the large salon
Ceiling ornaments in the small salon
After the death of Bertha Meyer-Landolt, troubled times broke out for the Traubenberg in 1961: in 1962 the estate was to be demolished to make way for a residential complex. It is thanks to the joint efforts of the municipality and the canton that an inheritance was divided in 1963 and the grape mountain came into the possession of Anna Margrit Meyer. Anna Margrit's sister Elisabeth Häsli-Meyer took over the land, which ensured the continued existence of the estate.
In 1964/65 the Traubenberg was thoroughly renovated with the help of the federal government, canton, community and homeland security under the direction of the Zolliker architect Werner Blumer and technical support from the cantonal monument conservator Walter Drack (1917-2000) and divided into seven apartments. A number of painted beamed ceilings emerged, which were carefully renovated. After the construction work was completed, the federal government and the canton declared the Grape Mountain a federal protected property.
In 1969/70 Anna Margrit Meyer had the separate washhouse converted into a two-room apartment. At the same time, underground garages , an equipment room and a parking lot were created.
The Hirzel family, from 1975
On December 30, 1974, Anna Margrit Meyer bequeathed the entire property to the Hirzel family, consisting of Heinrich (1909–1995) and Elisabeth Hirzel-Denzler (1909–1997) and their two sons with families. Heinrich Hirzel was the great-great-great-grandson of Hans Conrad Hirzel-Escher, who owned the country estate from 1804 to 1844. With that, the estate came back into the possession of the Hirzel family, who still live there today. Anna Margrit Meyer died in 1997 at the age of 95.
In 1976 a lift was installed and a garden pavilion was built. In 1984/85, with financial support from the canton and municipality, the two pointed helmets that had shaped the house from the 15th century to the 19th century were rebuilt above the western gable wall. Cassettes with documents lie in the golden balls. The weather flags are decorated with the coat of arms of the Rosen-Meyer and Hirzel families.
35 years after the last renovations, renovation work was carried out again in 1999/2000. In 1965, many historically valuable parts had to be clad and covered due to the fire protection regulations in force at the time. The new regulations allowed visible wooden structures again, which is why the strut beams in the attic were exposed again. Half-timbered walls, old clay slab floors and wooden belt floors have been cleaned and freshened up. Above the entrance hall, the low ceiling in the staircase area was opened to let in more light. The modern architectural elements made of glass and steel are subordinate to the historical building fabric. The division of the apartments was retained.
The garden was surrounded by a high wall to protect the property against the noise emissions from the Seestrasse.
literature
- Zolliker yearbook 1987: Contribution by Christine Wettstein.
- Neue Zürcher Zeitung of November 16, 1965: Article by Ursula Isler Hungerbühler.
- Alexander Nüesch, Heinrich Bruppacher : The old Zollikon. Zurich 1899.
- Albert Heer: Local history Zollikon. Zurich 1925.
- Thomas Müller: 15th report of the Zurich Monument Preservation 1997–2000 .
- Paul Corrodi: Nice old lake houses. In: From Lake Zurich. Stäfa / Zurich 1958.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 20 ′ 8.5 " N , 8 ° 34 ′ 11" E ; CH1903: six hundred eighty-five thousand four hundred and eighty-six / 243375