Trochochaetidae
| Trochochaetidae | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Trochochaetidae | ||||||||||||
| Pettibone , 1963 |
Trochochaetidae is the name of a family of polychaeta (polychaeta) living in soft sediments , of which 13 species in 2 genera can be found in oceans worldwide as detritus eaters .
features
The Trochochaetidae have a pair palps with eyelash trays and as a characteristic feature within the Spionida way branching parapodia of the middle segments. The prostomium is rounded in front and carries a single central antenna in some species. The nuchal organs are in the form of ciliate grooves on the posterior extension of the prostomium. The first segment carries forward-facing, two-branched parapodia, but is otherwise similar to the following bristle-bearing segments. The parapodia on several segments in the middle of the body have only neuropodia with the associated bristles, while the lobe of the notopodium is reduced to a small cirrus . Dorsal and ventral cirrus as well as tentacle cirrus and gills are absent, but numerous cirrus and retractable cirrus can be present at the pygidium. The animals have no aciculae. All bristles are simple and can be capillary-shaped or spiky-shaped.
The mobile neuropodia bristles in the thoracic region of the animals are apparently used for locomotion in the living corridor, in the wall of which they find support. The front part of the abdomen can be flattened and moves up and down, creating a flow of water in the living area. The rear part of the abdomen, on the other hand, contains the germ cells and sexual outlets, as well as spines that can be extended at the notopodia.
distribution and habitat
The Trochochaetidae are distributed in seas worldwide from the shores to depths of at least 3000 m. The animals live in soft sediment soils, where they dig complex passages and line their walls with slime.
Development cycle
The Trochochaetidae are separate sexes. In two species, the free-swimming larvae with long bristles suitable for widespread distribution are known, which feed on plankton in one case and yolk in the other.
Way of life
The Trochochaetidae live in the sediment in self-dug living corridors, which they line with slime and in which they maintain a flow of water. They feed as filter feeders or graze detritus from the substrate surface, for which they use their palps kept above the sediment surface. The eyelashes located on these transport the food particles to the mouth.
Genera
Anders Sandöe Örsted described the genus Disoma and the type species Disoma multisetosum in 1844 , which, however, was later given the name Trochochaeta , given by Georg MR Levinsen in 1884, due to a homonymy . The type species Trochochaeta sarsi described by this , however, agreed with Disoma multisetosum , so that later the species name Trochochaeta multisetosa was valid for this species. Félix Mesnil established the family Disomidae with the genera Disoma and Poecilochaetus in 1897 on the basis of the old generic name Disoma and using the new generic name Trochochaeta as a synonym . In 1963, Marian Hope Pettibone gave the family the new name Trochochaetidae due to the homonymy of the name Disoma, but Lennart Hannerz established his own family Poecilochaetidae in 1956 with the only genus Poecilochaetus , so that the genus Trochochaeta became the only genus of the now monogenic family Trochochaetidae. However, another genus is now recognized.
The following 2 genera belong to the family Trochochaetidae :
- Cherusca Müller, 1858 (1 kind, Cherusca nitens Müller, 1858)
- Trochochaeta Levinsen, 1884 (12 species)
literature
- Anders Sandöe Örsted (1844): On the classification of annulates with a description of some new or insufficiently known genera and species. Archive for Natural History, Berlin, 10 (1), pp. 99–112, here p. 107.
- Félix Mesnil (1897): Études de morphologie external chez les Annélides. II. Remarques complémentaires sur les Spionidiens. La famille nouvelle des Disomidiens. La place des Aonides (sensu Tauber, Levinsen). Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 30, pp. 83-100, here pp. 94-98. La famille des Disomidæ .
- Marian Hope Pettibone (1963): Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. I. Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 227 (1), pp. 1–356, here p. 308.
- Stanley J. Edmonds: Fauna of Australia, Volume 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis 4. Commonwealth of Australia, 2000. Class Polychaeta. Pp. 269f., Family Trochochaetidae.
Web links
- G. Read (2004): About Family Trochochaetidae polychaetes in New Zealand.
- MJ de Kluijver et al .: Trochochaetidae Hartman, 1942. Macrobenthos of the North Sea - Polychaeta, Marine Species Identification Portal
Individual evidence
- ↑ Trochochaetidae Pettibone, 1963. WoRMS , 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2019.