Tucano languages

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eastern Tukano (pink), Central Tukano (yellow) and Western Tukano (blue), the dots show the current occurrence of the Tukano languages. The shaded areas indicate occurrence prior to the 20th century

The Tucano languages (also Tukanoa languages ) are a language family that is one of the indigenous languages ​​of South America . It comprises 25 individual languages ​​that are spoken in the north-west of the Amazon region on the territory of Colombia , Brazil , Ecuador and Peru . It is named after the Tucano language .

structure

The main area of ​​distribution is given in round brackets.

  • West Tucano:
    • North:
      • Coreguaje:
      • Siona-Secoya:
        • Macaguaje [mcl] (Colombia)
        • Secoya [sey] ( Ecuador )
        • Siona [snn] (Ecuador and Colombia)
      • Tama:
        • Tama [ten] (Colombia)
      • Tetete:
        • Tetete [teb] (Ecuador)
    • South:
    • Tanimuca:
  • Central Tucano:
    • Cubeo [cub] (Colombia)
  • East Tucano:
    • Central:
      • Bara:
        • Waimaha [bao] (Colombia)
        • Pokangá [pok] ( Brazil )
        • Tuyuca [tue] (Colombia)
        • Yurutí [yui] (Colombia)
      • Desano:
        • Desano [des] (Brazil)
        • Siriano [sri] (Colombia)
      • South:
        • Barasana [bsn] (Colombia)
        • Macuna [myy] (Colombia)
      • Tatuyo:
        • Carapana [cbc] (Colombia)
        • Tatuyo [tav] (Colombia)
    • North:
      • Arapaso [arj] (Brazil)
      • Guanano [gvc] (Brazil)
      • Piratapuyo [pir] (Brazil)
      • Tucano [tuo] (Brazil)
    • Unclassified:
      • Yahuna [ynu] (Colombia)
  • Miriti:
    • Miriti [mmv] (Brazil)

Number of speakers

The number of speakers in the individual languages ​​is very small, usually only a few hundred.

The largest languages ​​are:

  • Cubeo (approx. 6,200 speakers in Colombia and Brazil)
  • Tucano (approx. 4,600 speakers in Brazil and Colombia)
  • Coreguaje (approx. 2,000 speakers in Colombia)

The following languages ​​are already extinct:

  • Macaguaje
  • Miriti
  • Tama
  • Tetete
  • Yahuna

Linguistic characteristics

The Tucano languages ​​stand out among others. a. off through:

literature

General:

  • Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language . Metzler, Stuttgart a. Weimar 1993.
  • Ernst Kausen: The language families of the world. Part 2: Africa - Indo-Pacific - Australia - America. Buske, Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-87548-656-8 , pp. 985-991.

Reference grammars:

  • Barasana: RD Smith (1973)
  • Coreguaje: DM Cook / LL Criswell (1993)
  • Cubeo: Nancy L. Morse, Michael B. Maxwell: Gramática del cuebo . Santafé de Bogotá: Lleras Camargo, 1999.
  • Desano: M. Miller (1999)
  • Secoya: OE Johnson / SE Levinsohn (1990)

Web links