USS Pennsylvania (1837)
USS Pennsylvania , lithograph from 1846 |
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history | |
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Keel laying: | September 1821 |
Launch: | July 18, 1837 |
Commissioning: | Late 1837 |
Whereabouts: | Burned April 20, 1861 |
General properties | |
Displacement : | 3,105 t |
Length: | 210 ft (64 m) |
Width: | 56 ft, 9 in (17.30 m) |
Draft: | 24 ft, 4 in (7.42 m) |
Crew: | 1100 officers and men |
Armament: | 16 × 8-inch (203-mm) bomb cannons , 104 × 32-pounder (15-kg) cannons |
The first USS Pennsylvania was a 120-gun three - decker ship of the line with a continuous weather deck (" four-decker ") of the United States Navy . It was named after the US state of Pennsylvania . She was the largest sailing warship ever built for the Navy and the equivalent of the British Royal Navy's 1st class ships of the line . Their only trip was from Delaware Bay to Chesapeake Bay .
The Pennsylvania was one of the "nine ships with no fewer than 74 guns" authorized by the US Congress on April 29, 1816 . She was designed and built by Samuel Humphreys in the Philadelphia Navy Yard . Its keel was laid in September 1821, but the tight budget prevented it from being completed before July 18, 1837. It had 136 gun ports .
After commissioning, some guns were replaced by bomb cannons . A cannon register of the Navy Weapons Office from 1846 names the following armament:
- Weather deck: Two 9 pounder (4 kg) cannons and a small brass rotating gun
- Main Deck: Four 8 inch (203 mm) bomb cannons received in Norfolk in 1842 and thirty-two 32 pounder (15 kg) cannons
- Middle deck: Four 8-inch bomb cannons and thirty 32 pounder cannons
- Lower deck: four 8-inch bomb cannons and twenty-eight 32 pounder cannons
The Pennsylvania was moved from its construction site to Chester, Pennsylvania on November 29, 1837 and partially manned the next day.
On December 3, 1837, only 34 of their cannons were on board. She drove downstream to New Castle, Delaware , where she received cannon mounts and other equipment, and then got her copper fittings at the Norfolk Navy Yard . She left Norfolk on December 20th, released the Delaware pilot on the 25th, and set course for the Virginia Capes . On January 2, 1838, she was at dry dock in Norfolk, on the same day the crew was transferred to Columbia .
The Pennsylvania remained until 1842 in active service until it into a barge in the Norfolk Navy Yard was converted. It stayed here until April 20, 1861, when it was burned down to prevent it from falling into Confederate hands .
literature
- Howard Chapelle: The History of the American Sailing Navy: the Ships and their Development. Norton, New York 1949.
- Robert Gardiner: The Line of Battle: The Sailing Warship 1650-1850. Conway Maritime Press, London 1992.
Web links
- Pennsylvania . In: Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships . Naval History & Heritage Command(NHC). June 22, 2005. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
- USS Pennsylvania (1837-1861) . In: Online library with various photos, narrow. . NHC. January 11, 2003. Retrieved February 4, 2009.