Ujedinjeni Hrvati

The Ujedinjeni Hrvati (United Croats), also Ujedinjeni Hrvati Njemačke (UHNj) or Association of United Croats of Germany e. V., was a terrorist organization founded in 1952 in West Germany by Croats in exile and active worldwide with its headquarters in Munich . It aimed at a violent overthrow of Yugoslavia and the establishment of an independent Greater Croatia .

The UHNj was an offshoot of the Croatian Liberation Movement (HOP) founded by Ante Pavelić .

history

The UHNj was founded in 1952 by the Croatian clergyman Stjepan Kukolja (* 1907) in the Valka camp in Nuremberg. At the end of the 1950s, the number of members increased due to the increased number of Croatian emigrants. According to Kukolja, the majority of UHNj members were ideologically oriented towards Pavelić and the Ustasha movement he founded, or consisted of former Ustashas.

In the early 1960s, the UHNj was the largest and strongest Croatian exile organization in Europe.

In order to increase his influence, Pavelić founded a European umbrella organization of the various Croatian exile groups in 1958, headed by members of the UHNj. Kukolja was appointed honorary chairman.

Another group was later established in France ( Ujedinjeni Hrvati Francuske ) and in 1973 in Australia with around 50 members as well as a European umbrella organization ( Ujedinjeni Hrvati Europe ).

Fonts

Nahid Kulenović (ed.): Hrvatska sloboda - Glas Ujedinjenih Hrvata u Evropi (Croatian Freedom - The Voice of the United Croats in Europe) . Munich (monthly newspaper, from September 1965).

swell

Christopher A. Molnar: Memory, Politics, and Yugoslav Migrations to Postwar Germany . Indiana University Press, 2019, ISBN 978-0-253-03774-9 .
Central Intelligence Agency (ed.): Yugoslav Emigre Extremists . May 29, 1980, p. 13 ( cia.gov [PDF]).

Individual evidence

↑ Albert J. Jongman: Political Terrorism: A New Guide To Actors, Authors, Concepts, Data Bases, Theories and Literature . Transaction Publishers, 1988, ISBN 978-1-4128-1566-6 , pp. 697 .

↑ Matthias Thaden: "A completely liberalized foreigners"? Political activism by Croatian exiles as a challenge for German domestic and security policy, 1950s-60s . In: Simon Goebel, Thomas Fischer, Friedrich Kießling, Angelareiber (eds.): FluchtMigration and social transformation processes: transdisciplinary perspectives . Springer-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2017, ISBN 978-3-658-19036-1 , pp. 91 .

[1] Albert J. Jongman: Political Terrorism: A New Guide To Actors, Authors, Concepts, Data Bases, Theories and Literature . Transaction Publishers, 1988, ISBN 978-1-4128-1566-6 , pp. 697 .