Krakowska Street (Opole)
| Krakowska Street | |
|---|---|
 |
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| The Ulica Krakowska ; Looking north | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Opole |
| Created | 1757 |
| Connecting roads |
Ring ul. 1. Maya |
| Cross streets | 6 on the east side, 5 on the west side |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 0.65 km |
The Ulica Krakowska ( German Krakauerstraße ) is a street in Opole in Poland . It is one of the most important shopping streets in the city and extends from Opole Square via Plac Wolności in a southward direction to the train station .
history
The current area of Krakauerstrasse was outside the city walls in the Middle Ages . There were fields and meadows here until the end of the 18th century . In 1452 it is mentioned for the first time as Beythenischegasse .
The development along the street took place with the expansion of the city at the beginning of the 19th century. After the city walls had been razed, today's Plac Wolności (Freedom Square) was built. The old government (destroyed in 1945) was built here between 1830 and 1833 .
When Opole got a railway connection in 1845, a provisional train station was set up far outside the city. This created the southern extension of Krakauerstrasse down to the train station. In the next few years, more and more people settled in the street and built richly decorated houses, including the German House and the Old Courthouse (both destroyed in 1945).
Today the street is one of the most important main and commercial streets in the city. There are numerous boutiques, restaurants, hotels and a small shopping center here. In recent years the street has been converted into a pedestrian zone, renovated and equipped with cycle paths and works of art.
Naming
The street itself was still known as Beuthener Strasse within the city walls . So the street was mentioned in 1452 as Beythenischegasse and 1564 as in Beuthenischengasse . Polish names are also recorded, such as na Bytomsku ulicy or 1589 na Bytomske ulizy . The name was used until the first decades of the 18th century. In 1750 the street is mentioned as Beuthenische or Groschowitzer Gasse . In 1815 the street was named Groschowitzergasse . In 1842 the street was named Krakauer Straße because the name was "more representative of the city". In the interwar period in the 20th century, the street between the Ring and the then Government Square (today: Plac Wolnosci) was popularly referred to as Kleine Krakauerstraße and the section from Government Square to the train station as Große Krakauerstraße .
After the National Socialists came to power in 1933 , the street was initially renamed Helmuth-Brückner-Straße in 1933 , after Helmuth Brückner , the then Gauleiter of Silesia . After his suspicion of participation in the Putsch and the subsequent arrest of the road was in 1935 in honor of Paul von Hindenburg to Hindenburg street renamed. After the defeat of the German Empire in World War II , the German population was expelled and the area fell to Poland. After the city was taken over by Poland, the street was renamed Ulica Krakowska . Four years later, in 1949, it was renamed Josef-Stalin-Straße (Polish: Ulica Józefa Stalina) after the Soviet dictator . After Stalin's death, Nikita Khrushchev pursued the policy of de-Stalinization and in 1956 the street was given its current name back.
Buildings
Station building
The current station building was built in 1899. The previous building was from 1860.
House Pod Kafelkami
This house is the only house that was spared from war and fire in the north of Krakauerstrasse. The facade was modernized in the 1920s. Today there is a butcher's shop here.
Hotel Opole
The Hotel Opole is a post-war building from the 1960s. It is located in the southern part of the street, in the immediate vicinity of the train station and the main post office . It was designed in 1964 by the architect Weronika Sznyrowska . For years the singers of the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole performed here . It is one of the tallest buildings in the city and is now home to the Mercure hotel chain.
Post office building
The post office was built in 1854, as one of the first on the newly laid road. Over time, the building was enlarged and expanded several times (1891 and 1931), but has retained the neoclassical facade to this day.
Ziemowit
The Ziemowit is the largest shopping complex on the street and was built between 1956 and 1964 instead of bombed-out pre-war buildings. At the beginning of the 21st century it was completely modernized and converted into a small shopping center.
Disused building
Old courthouse
The old courthouse was built in 1836 after an old leather factory was bought and redesigned. In 1856 the entire building was modernized, expanded and given a facade in the style of neoclassicism . In 1881 the court moved out and moved into the new courthouse at today's ul. Książąt Opolskich (destroyed in 1945). After the building was vacated, it was converted and equipped with shops. In 1945 the building was bombed and has not been rebuilt. Today there is a new residential and commercial building with a delicatessen shop here.
Café Resi
The House Café Resi was in the style of historicism -built and was located on the corner Krakauerstraße and today's Mozart Street (until 1945 Promenade Street). It was built at the end of the 19th century and housed a pastry shop. In 1945 the building was destroyed and a short time later the rubble was removed. Today the monument to Nike from Opole stands here.
German house
The German House was a four-story hotel on the corner of Krakauerstrasse and Deichstrasse ( Polish: Ulica Leona Powolnego ). It was built at the end of the 19th century in the style of eclecticism . The building had numerous decorations and a small turret with a dome. It was renovated in the 1920s, and numerous decorations including the turret were removed. Destroyed in the war, it was replaced by a simple apartment block in the 1960s.
Web links
literature
- Andrzej Hamada: Architecture of Opole in the historical cityscape. Oficyna Piastowska, Opole 2008, ISBN 978-83-89357-45-8
Individual evidence
- ↑ Daniela Pelka (2012): Street names as a reflection of history: On the changes in street names in Opole from the beginnings to the Second World War . Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě (Ostrava).
- ↑ Daniela Pelka (2012): Street names as a reflection of history: On the changes in street names in Opole from the beginnings to the Second World War . Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě (Ostrava) p. 2.
- ↑ Daniela Pelka (2012): Street names as a reflection of history: On the changes in street names in Opole from the beginnings to the Second World War . Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě (Ostrava) p. 2.