Vampire squid-like

Vampire squid-like
Vampyroteuthis infernalis , drawing by Carl Chun from 1910
Temporal occurrence
Upper Triassic to this day
Systematics
Over trunk : Lophotrochozoa (Lophotrochozoa) Trunk : Molluscs (mollusca) Class : Cephalopods (cephalopoda) Subclass : Octopus (coleoidea) Superordinate : Eight-armed squid (Vampyropoda) Order : Vampire squid-like
Scientific name
Vampyromorpha
Grimpe , 1917
species
Vampire squid ( Vampyroteuthis infernalis Chun, 1903)

The order of the vampire squid-like (vampyromorpha) is apparently only represented by a single species in today's seas, the vampire squid . From the fossil record , on the other hand, a larger number of species are known, which prove the originally much greater distribution and biodiversity of this group.

Vampire squid-like form together with the octopus i. e. S. (Octopoda) and the cirrus octopus (Cirroctopoda) the group of eight-armed cuttlefish (Octopodiformes or Vampyropoda) within the cuttlefish (Coleoidea).

features

Vampire squids have a pair of retractable, thread-like structures (filaments) between the first and second pair of arms (counting from the head), which are used as sensory organs.

They are also characterized by the possession of a Schulps , which in today's vampire squid consists only of organic matter. In the extinct species, the Schulp was usually reinforced by thin layers of lime.

paleontology

Fossil of Vampyronassa rhodanica in a pyritized preservation

The oldest representatives of the group come from the Upper Triassic (Rhät). From the Middle Jurassic ( Callovian , about 161.2 to 164.7 mya ) of southeast France one also knows Vampyronassa rhodanica .

Systematics

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The order of the vampire squid-like originally comprised five families that are divided into several genera and families. There is probably only one species left today.

• Kelaenina †
  • Muensterellidae †
• Prototeuthina †
  • Geopeltididae †
  • Lioteuthididae †
  • Loligosepiidae †
  • Mastigophoridae †
• Mesoteuthina †
  • Palaeololiginidae †
• Teudopsidae †
  • Teudopsidae bollensis †
  • Teudopsidae bunelii †
  • Teudopsidae cadominensis †
  • Teudopsidae jeletzkyi †
  • Teudopsidae subcostata †
• Vampyromorphina
  • Vampyroteuthidae
    • Vampyronassa rhodanica †
    • Vampyroteuthis infernalis

literature

• Thomas Berthold and Theo Engeser: Phylogenetic analysis and systematization of the Cephalopoda (Mollusca). Negotiations of the Natural Science Association Hamburg, NF, 29: 187–220, Hamburg 1987 ISSN  0173-749X .
• David B. Carlini, Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione: A molecular phylogeny of the Octopoda (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) evaluated in light of morphological evidence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 21 (3): 388-397, San Diego 2001 ISSN  1055-7903
• Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione: Evolution of the gills in the Octopodiformes. Bulletin of Marine Science, 71 (2): 1003-1017, Coral Gables, Florida 2002 ISSN  0007-4977

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jean-Claude Fischer and Bernard Riou: “ Vampyronassa rhodanica nov. gen. nov sp., vampyromorphic (Cephalopoda, Coleoidea) du Callovien inférieur de la Voulte-sur-Rhône (Ardèche, France) ”. In: Annales de Paléontologie Volume 88, Issue 1, January-March 2002, Pages 1–17. doi : 10.1016 / S0753-3969 (02) 01037-6 ( abstract )

Web links

• Young, Richard E. 2008. Vampyromorpha Robson, 1929. Vampyroteuthis infernalis Chun, 1903. The Vampire Squid. Version 30 May 2008. The Tree of Life Web Project