Van de Poll
Van de Poll is a Dutch patrician family of primitive aristocratic descent, which was also accepted into the newer Dutch nobility . Various family members played a key role in the government of Amsterdam during the Ancien Régime .
history
The van de Poll family has been around since the beginning of the 14th century. It borrows its name from their estate, the Pole near Mastwijk in the land of Montfoort . By origin they were descendants of Herman VI. van Woerdern that one of the conspirators against the Dutch Count Floris V was. After the assassination of Floris V in 1296, they changed their name. The oldest known family member is Evert van den Polle, who lived in Montfoort at the end of the 14th century. In this city, the van de Polls sat in the city government in the 15th and 16th centuries. Here, between 1422 and 1474, a Wouter Evertsz uten Polle (or: van de Poll) is first mentioned as the town's mayor . His son, grandson, and great-grandchildren all served as mayor .
In the 16th century Gijsbert Jansz van de Poll (1529–1607) moved from Montfoort to Amsterdam . From the end of the Dutch Golden Age , they were able to provide various regents and mayors there. Gijsbert Jansz's son Harmen Gijsbertsz van de Poll (1559-1645) was accepted into the Amsterdam magistrate (Dutch: Vroedschap ) in 1595 ; this was the beginning of the van der Polls as members of the city government. The family reached its political climax in the second period without governor (1702–1747), when, with Jan (III) van de Poll, they produced one of the most powerful men in Amsterdam politics of the 18th century. After the restoration of the Orange governorship, the family lost power and was expelled from the city government. At the end of the 18th century the family was able to regain its political status and remained a leader in the Ancien Régime and the subsequent Kingdom of the Netherlands . Jan Wolters van de Poll was awarded the French title of Count Comte de l'Empire by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1810 . In the 19th century the Amsterdam branch received the predicate Jonkheer awarded.
Merchants-bankers
In addition to their government functions, the family was also active early on in Amsterdam as merchant-bankers. Here they were involved in a variety of deals with the Dutch colonies. The first big Surinamese negotiatie after the Seven Years War was made by the trading house Harman van de Poll & Comp. initiated. The negotiatie took the form of a mortgage to the planter / plantation owner, the amount being determined by the value of the property, the number of slaves and the yield of the plantation. At the same time, the mortgagee had to undertake to purchase their European goods through the trading house. In 1769 the trading company Harman van de Poll & Comp. the surinamese negotiatie , borrowing a. In the end, the capital was 2 million guilders. Also triggered by far too high bonds, the Amsterdam stock market crisis occurred as early as 1773. As a result, many plantations came into the possession of mainly Amsterdam trading houses.
When slavery was abolished in Suriname in 1863, the AJ van de Poll fund still owned five plantations with a total of 382 slaves. For their “loss”, the Dutch state paid the AJ van de Poll fund compensation of around 115,000 guilders.
people
- Joan van de Poll (1597–1668), regent of Amsterdam
- Jan (II.) Van de Poll (1666–1735), regent of Amsterdam
- Jan (III.) Van de Poll (1668–1745), Mayor of Amsterdam
- Harman Hendrik van de Poll (1697–1772), Member of the Government of Amsterdam and Mayor
- Pieter van de Poll (1703–1766), Amsterdam government member and mayor
- Harmen van de Poll , Mayor of Amsterdam
- Jan (IV.) Van de Poll (1721–1801), Mayor of Amsterdam
- Jan Wolters van de Poll (1759–1826), French count, director of the Suriname Society and mayor of Amsterdam in 1748
- Willem Gerrit van de Poll (1763–1836), politician, president of the Dutch trading company
- Frederik van de Poll (1780–1853), Mayor of Amsterdam, Governor of the Province of Utrecht
- Willem Gerard van de Poll (1793–1872), President of the Dutch Council of State , held the honorary title of Minister of State
Individual evidence
- ↑ Opmerkingen over de geslachten treatment in Nederland's Adelsboek "(1949). Pages 129 and 130 (PDF file; 8.40 MB)
- ↑ Archief van de familie Van de Poll ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Okke ten Hove, Heinrich E. Helstone & Wim Hoogbergen: Surinaamse emancipatie 1863, family names en plantages . Rozenberg Publishers, Amsterdam 2003, ISBN 978-90-5170-777-9 .