Traffic game

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Traffic game is a comprehensive term for different forms of free children's games as well as didactically prepared learning games for traffic education , in which movement sequences and encounters of real traffic with toy vehicles are simulated in protected areas.

character

Traffic games are created in free children's play through observation and symbolic imitation of real traffic. A wheel or plate can act as a control instrument for a car. Starting, braking or horn noises are produced acoustically. The environmental conditions are used for cornering, evasive action, overtaking, parking. In addition, toy vehicles are used by children for traffic games.

These forms of play, which are based on the child's natural play initiatives, are also used for traffic education, combined with didactic objectives. For this purpose, the teaching material industry offers a wealth of media such as painting and drawing games , board games , card games or quiz games , for example for the acquisition of traffic knowledge . Traffic scenarios can be simulated on the gaming table: For example, “ Das Große Verkehrsspiel ”, an educational game for cyclists, has the task of being a bicycle courier to deliver a shipment as quickly and error-free as possible to a specified location on the game plan. Only those who can safely master and follow the traffic rules can make progress.

Depending on the age and learning progress of the children and adolescents, the traffic games used for traffic education serve a different level of demands. This ranges from simply painting prefabricated traffic signs in preschool age to driving game boards with play cars and the use of media to learn traffic rules in elementary school age to movement games for older students adapted to real traffic. The creative design of your own traffic games with self-created rules and a simulation of real traffic in protected areas make the highest demands.

Examples

Traffic game as a painting, guessing and knowledge game

Since the first half of the 20th century, the toy market has offered an abundance of time-adjusted traffic games, which are primarily designed to get to know and comply with traffic rules. Publishers specializing in traffic such as Rot-Gelb-Grün-Verlag, Gelu-Verlag, Vogel-Verlag or ADAC-Verlag have published coloring templates for completing traffic signs for preschoolers, puzzle games, puzzles and card games such as quartets for the School beginners and quizzes for the older children. They were primarily intended to familiarize the child with the traffic signs and traffic rules in a playful way and to encourage them to observe them. A workbook by Sabine Gutjahr, for example, contains numerous materials and templates for various subjects with which third and fourth graders can independently prepare for the bicycle test. This also includes the possibility of creating their own 'traffic game': “In order to consolidate knowledge about traffic education in a playful way, there is the possibility of having the students create their own traffic game. "

Traffic game as a board game

Museum board game (1959) as a traffic game for preschool children

Commercial board games, such as ' Das Verkehrsspiel ABC ' by Pinthus-Verlag Nürnberg from 1935, which were still played with tin figures, or the popular “ traffic sign game ”, were designed by the toy industry primarily as educational games for preschoolers. They still followed the ideas of the typical traffic education of the time, which saw traffic primarily as a threat, warned accordingly urgently of the traffic dangers and taught a predetermined knowledge of the rules and strict behavior patterns as the only and most important guarantors of traffic safety. This idea, which was based on road safety education on the avoidance of accidents, was also propagated with a modernized design by the toy manufacturers from the 1950s to the 1970s with offers such as “ The good bobby ” or “ Caution - the new traffic game ”, with threat scenarios such as “ Go if you are red, you are easily dead ”,“ take your time and not your life ”or“ whoever jumps on the tram never knows whether it will succeed ”conjured up the consequences of irregular behavior. A bright red color and an accident with a demolished car on the cover sheet, amazed by children, should increase the shock effect and strengthen the will to comply with the rules. With the advertising logos of the publishers such as oil companies, petrol stations, automobile clubs or vehicle manufacturers, which are by no means hidden, these games also give an insight into the traffic situation at the respective times. It was not until the 1970s, with the turn towards 'traffic education from the child', that the design of the game board changed. Playing was placed under a positive, fear-free view of traffic life, and the children were included in the design of the game board with their experiences and ideas.

Traffic game as a movement game

Traffic game with toy vehicles in the practice area (1961)

“A lot of traffic games are characterized by a lack of exercise. Whole-body actions take a back seat to small motor activities. Too little attention is paid to the fact that the development of traffic sensation […], traffic instinct […], traffic senses […] and traffic intelligence […], especially in the child, depends largely on physical experience. The formation of imaginations and the ability to act are less based on the intellectual transfer of model situations than complete through complex sensory perception processes and large-motor orientation attempts. "According to this analysis by the didactic specialist Siegbert A. Warwitz , the importance of movement games in traffic education has long been underestimated. In recent times, it has been the result of the construction of traffic playgrounds with traffic facilities and traffic scenarios in schoolyards as well as the use of play and sports equipment such as soap boxes , Kettcars , Scooters or simple symbolic vehicles in the break game and physical education is increasingly taken into account.

Traffic game as a puppet game

The game with the traffic jasper was part of the repertoire of traffic education from the very beginning . However, it was practiced over two to three generations exclusively as a teaching theater by adults (mainly traffic cops ) for children, who should be brought to traffic-friendly attitudes and behavior by the traffic jasper in a constant battle with his opponent, the traffic devil. Mystical beings such as witches, wizards and fairies, as well as tools of torture such as frying pans, rolling pins and rods were involved and the puppet was a strict warner and disciplinarian. The punishment of the traffic offenders usually led to malicious laughter from the audience. With the didactic renewal of traffic education in the 1970s, a turning point in Punch and Judy also took place: Spooky, magic and draconian punitive actions were banned from the stage. Instead, the real situation of road traffic was depicted in the game. From educated spectators themselves, the children became actors behind the characters who, with their peers in front of the stage, acted through their own traffic problems such as pushing ahead when boarding the bus or getting into the parents' car the wrong way round and analyzing their consequences. The scope of the puppet game expanded at the same time from preschool and elementary school age to the older age groups and even the parents by creating sponsorships between older and younger students, creating their own scripts for the performances and also parenting problems such as the bad habit of the parents' taxi and the school Rush hour could be discussed.

Traffic game as an explorer game

While the concern of the 'old' traffic education was primarily the unconditional adaptation of the behavior of the adolescents, which was seen as 'deficient', to the traffic rules prescribed by the adult world, the new view aimed at the independent discovery of the life situation of traffic and its sensible handling by the learners. With the detection of dangerous situations, possibilities of self-assurance, trying out suitable traffic routes and means of transport, living out exciting stimuli and creative moments came into play, such as discovering their own way to school for school beginners and their own way to school game . Knowledge and skills, theory and practice, reflection and action were playfully joined together and were as a complex, realistic close in a larger context sweepstakes unsubscribe: "Who interprets the most traffic signs correctly answered the most traffic questions correctly, a matching with most traffic problems Knows the solution and was also successful in the practical traffic game, is proclaimed the 'traffic king'. "

literature

  • Sabine Gutjahr: Getting your bike license safe: traffic education in interdisciplinary lessons . ACL-Verlag, Buxtehude 2011, p. 47.
  • Birgit Jackel: Psychomotor competence in cycling . Hofmann. Schorndorf 1997.
  • Siegbert A. Warwitz: The development of traffic awareness and traffic behavior in school beginners - the Karlsruhe model . In: Journal for traffic education 4/1986, pp. 93–98.
  • Siegbert A. Warwitz: We create a game for ourselves on the way to school. First grader in an interdisciplinary project . In: Case-Word-Number 30/2002/47 pp. 23-27
  • Siegbert A. Warwitz: Traffic education from the child. Perceive-play-think-act . Schneider, 6th edition, Baltmannsweiler 2009. ISBN 978-3-8340-0563-2 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Traffic game  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birgit Jackel: Psychomotor competence in cycling . Hofmann. Schorndorf 1997.
  2. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: The pedestrian diploma . In: This .: Traffic education from the child. Perceiving - playing - thinking - acting . 6th edition. Schneider publishing house. Baltmannsweiler 2009. pp. 221-251.
  3. ↑ Sabine Gutjahr: Safe to get your bike license. Traffic education in interdisciplinary lessons . ACL publishing house. Buxtehude 2011. p. 47.
  4. ↑ Ottmar Ludwig: Wait and watch out - my first traffic game , Otto Maier. Ravensburg 1985.
  5. ↑ Traffic games of the economic boom .
  6. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: The school way game . In: Ders .: Traffic education from the child. Perceive-play-think-act . 6th edition, Baltmannsweiler 2009. pp. 216-221.
  7. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: Traffic education from the child. Perceive-play-think-act . 6th edition, Baltmannsweiler 2009. p. 31.
  8. ↑ Traffic playground in Bad Vilbel
  9. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: The development of traffic sense and traffic behavior in school beginners - the Karlsruhe model . In: Journal for traffic education 4/1986, pp. 93–98.
  10. ↑ Birgit Jackel: Psychomotor competence in cycling . Hofmann. Schorndorf 1997.
  11. ↑ Siegbert A. Warwitz: The traffic jasper is coming or what the puppet game can do . In: This .: Traffic education from the child. Perceiving - playing - thinking - acting . 6th edition. Schneider publishing house. Baltmannsweiler 2009. pp. 252-257.
  12. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: We create a game for ourselves on the way to school. First grader in an interdisciplinary project . In: Case-Word-Number 30/2002/47 pp. 23-27
  13. ^ Siegbert A. Warwitz: Traffic education from the child. Perceiving - playing - thinking - acting . 6th edition. Schneider publishing house. Baltmannsweiler 2009. p. 177.