Veronese Hermitage

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Veronese Klause
( valley pass )
Veronese Klause092013.JPG
Compass direction north south
province Verona
Waters Etsch
Valley locations Ceraino Volargne
map
Veronese Klause (Alps)
Veronese Hermitage
Coordinates 45 ° 33 '51 "  N , 10 ° 49' 33"  E Coordinates: 45 ° 33 '51 "  N , 10 ° 49' 33"  E
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The Veronese Klause (outdated Venedier Kluse , Berner Klause , Italian Chiusa di Verona , Chiusa Veneta or Chiusa di Ceraino ) is a bottleneck through which the Adige flows . This forms the southern end of the Adige Valley before its confluence with the Po plain 18 km northwest of Verona . The hermitage is crossed by Strada Statale 12 dell'Abetone e del Brennero and bypassed by the Brennerbahn with a tunnel.

history

The fighting at the Veronese Klause from 1155, historical fresco in the Munich Hofgarten arcades

The bottleneck has played an important military role in many wars. It was the scene of fighting when the Cimbri and Teutons invaded. A medieval example of the mountain war is the storming of the Veronese Klause in September 1155 by Otto von Wittelsbach . He created the conditions for the retreat of Emperor Friedrich I, known as Barbarossa , to the north of the Holy Roman Empire.

Here is the depiction in the Regesta Imperii : “Friedrich is prevented from marching on by a crowd of road robbers under the leadership of the Veronese knight Alberich, and the Veronese also block his way back south. However, the danger can be averted through a ruse carried out with the help of the two local Veronese knights Garzaban and Isaak, who accompanied the emperor to Rome, and thanks to the personal commitment of the standard bearer, Count Palatine Otto von Wittelsbach. The captured ringleaders are executed on the gallows, the others subjected to severe corporal punishment. "

1226 cell was measured by a host of by a blockage Lombard Federal the after Cremona convened diet of the Kaiser Friedrich II. Prevented by the passage of the German King Henry (VII.) And traveling with him German Prince was denied.

In the middle of the 19th century, the Austrians built various forts on the Klause to secure the route through the Adige Valley, including the Chiusa road block directly in the narrow point.

photos

  • Veronese hermitage with state road SS12 from north to south

  • Overview of the Veronese hermitage from north to south

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . tape 1 . City of Bozen, Bozen 2005, ISBN 88-901870-0-X , p. 183 ff., No. 273 and 283 . (with documents from 1315 and 1319: "Wernerchlause" and "Berner Clausa" ).
  2. ↑ RI IV, 2,1 n.356, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URL: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1155-09-00_2_0_4_2_1_358_356

literature

  • Bruno Gloger : Emperor, God and the Devil. Friedrich II. Von Hohenstaufen in history and legend . 8th edition, Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1982.

Web links

Commons : Veronese Klause  - collection of images, videos and audio files