Purple bluegrass
| Purple bluegrass | ||||||||||||
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Violet bluegrass ( Bellardiochloa variegata ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Bellardiochloa variegata | ||||||||||||
| ( Lam. ) Kerguélen |
The violet bluegrass ( Bellardiochloa variegata ) is a species of the genus ( Bellardiochloa ) and thus the family of sweet grasses (Poaceae).
description
The purple bluegrass is a perennial grass that forms blue-green, small, dense clumps with numerous renewal shoots. The culms are 15–50 centimeters high, erect or knee-ascending, with 1–2 dark-colored nodes. The leaf sheaths are open to the bottom, they are preserved for a long time, are straw-colored and form a straw tunic. The ligule is a 3 millimeter long, torn, membranous border on the renewal shoots, and 3–7 millimeters long on the upper stalk leaves. The leaf blades of the fresh plant are flat to runny and about 2 millimeters wide. They are dry, bristle-shaped and 0.5 millimeters wide. The flower panicle is 4–12 centimeters long, elongated in outline, dense, usually contracted. The side branches go to 5-7 (-9) from the main axis. The spikelets are 3 to 5 flowered, 4.5 to 7 millimeters long, laterally compressed, green, mostly tinged with purple. The glumes are three-veined, 3 to 4.5 millimeters long. The lemmas are five-nerved, 3.6 to 4 millimeters long, weakly keeled, of which at least the lower ones run into a 0.3 to 1 millimeter long awn. The palea are almost as long as the lemmas, two-veined. The anthers are 1.8 to 2 millimeters long. The flowering period is July to August.
The chromosome number is 2n = 14.
distribution
The violet bluegrass occurs from central and southern Europe to northwestern Turkey. The distribution area is in Spain, France, Corsica, Italy, Sicily, Switzerland, Austria, Poland, Slovakia, the Balkan Peninsula, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Turkey and Transcaucasia.
ecology
The purple bluegrass thrives in dry grass on sunny, warm slopes, in crevices and on rocks on dry, lime-free, neutral to slightly acidic, nutrient-poor, stony soils. It thrives in the company of the Poo-Avenetum pratensis, is an indicator of drought and leanness. It occurs mainly in the subalpine level. In Graubünden it rises up to 2970 meters in Pontresina and up to 2735 meters in the Val da Fain.
Taxonomy
The violet bluegrass was named Poa variegata by Lamarck in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 181 (1791) first described. The species was then placed in the genus Bellardiochloa by Kerguélen in Lejeunia, ns, 110: 56 (1983) . The genus Bellardiochloa was from Chiovenda in Stud. Veg. Piemonte: 60 (1929) have been established. Synonyms of Bellardiochloa variegata (Lam.) Kerguélen are: Poa violacea Bellardi , Festuca poiformis Host , Festuca rhaetica Suter , Festuca aetnensis C.Presl , Poa aetnensis Guss. and Bellardiochloa violacea (Bellardi) Chiov.
literature
- Hans Joachim Conert: Poa variegata . In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . 3rd ed., Volume I, Part 3, pages 708-710. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, 1987. ISBN 3-489-52320-2 (description, distribution, ecology)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Bellardiochloa variegata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 14, 2020.
