Vivatband
A vivat tape is a tape painted or printed with verses, badges, portraits, military trophies, symbols of victory and fame, allegorical figures, and other things. It was worn on clothing on private and state memorial days from the 18th to the 20th centuries.
history
Ribbons have been a tradition for a long time. Their uses are broad; it ranges from the name-day and birthday ribbons of the children to the brightly decorated hats of the recruits , the sashes of the diplomats and club boards during festive parades, the craftsmen's ribbons on the parlor signs of the guilds , the flags of associations and clubs, the lute and dance ribbons towards the grain bands of the 19th century harvest. The design of the bands varies according to the different uses. In this context, the group of vivat ribbons, which were published for special occasions, can best be characterized as dedication and commemorative ribbons. Its name can be attributed to the vivat, which was often printed in large letters during the time of Frederick the Great . The narrow ribbons with a width between 3 and 12 cm and a length of 30 cm to 2 or 3 m were made of silk in the Frederician era , and in the post-1900 period they were made of an effective, but cheaper mixed fabric.
The vivat ribbons that have been documented since Frederick the Great's accession to power, primarily victory and peace ribbons, had peaked at the end of the Seven Years' War , and ribbons were created that only paid homage to the king and later also concerned private occasions in princely circles. They could have been harbingers of the numerous family ties that appeared in the coming decades, mostly by children of their parents. However, in the mid-19th century, the custom of giving away ribbons gradually waned. In this context, tapes such as the beautiful, 18th-century style private tape for Adolph von Menzel's 80th birthday in 1895 remain without a background. Vivat tapes did not officially appear again until 1913 . The occasion was patriotic festivities such as the centenary at the beginning of the wars of liberation . Gustav Gotthilf Winkel had found out that the population put on vivat ribbons when the king's successes in weapons were to be celebrated. He suggested making such ribbons according to old patterns, selling them and using the net proceeds for patriotic purposes. That was done and 200,000 pieces were sold. During the First World War, the character of the Vivat tapes changed, which were now used as war donations and became collectibles. With the end of the war and the Hohenzollern rule, the history of the Vivat tapes also ended.
literature
- Museum for German Folklore Berlin: Vivat – Vivat – Vivat ! Dedication and commemorative ribbons from three centuries; Writings of the Museum, Volume 12. Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-88609-109-0 .
- City of Krefeld (publisher): 100 years of the Krefeld Textile Museum . Krefeld 1980, p. 11.
- Hans-Christian Pust: Vivatbands , in: Didier, Christophe (ed.): 1914–1918 In paper thunderstorms. The War Collections of Libraries, Paris: Somogy 2008, pp. 204–209.
- Entry Vivat . In: Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon . Bibliographisches Institut, Lexikonverlag, Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1975, Volume 24, p. 639.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Academic monthly books XXIX (1913), p. 407