Wallburg Borge
| Wallburg Borge | ||
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 Castle wall |
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| Creation time : | 400-1000 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, Wallburg | |
| Conservation status: | Wall and wall remains | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone | |
| Geographical location | 60 ° 16 '4.1 " N , 20 ° 5' 52.8" O | |
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Borge (also called Borgboda) a Wallenburg on the island Fasta Åland in the Finnish province of Åland .
location and size
The Wallburg ( Swedish : fornborg ) Borge covers an area of 3 hectares , making it the largest of the six well-known hill castles in Åland Province. It is located on a steep, detached cliff in the integrated municipality ( Municipality ) Saltvik , about 3 of which is known for its annually conducted Viking market km east village Kvarnbo. During the Iron Age , when the sea level was about 5 m higher than today, it was surrounded by water on three sides and was located on a branch of the Lumparfjord in a relatively densely populated area that was already populated in the Bronze Age.
From the hamlet of Borgboda, which is known for the small Idas Stuga museum , a signposted 700 m long hiking trail leads to the Borge Wallburg.
- Borge fornborg in Borgboda
overall view
Main gate
Ängisbacken cemetery
Castle complex
Architecturally, the Wallburg Borge is reminiscent of the Torsburg on Gotland and the castles in the Mälardal in Sweden . What has been preserved is primarily the castle wall made of rubble stones and smaller boulders , which was built in the south and west of the complex and on which there were presumably palisades . An additional wall has been preserved in the area of the main gate in the western part of the castle. The castle was not bounded by a wall on the north and east sides, as the cliff on which the castle is located is particularly steep and thus forms a natural protection. A smaller side entrance has been preserved in the area of the south wall. The foundations of some buildings that cannot be dated were found in the middle of the castle complex.
Archaeological investigations that took place in the 1980s led to the result that the Wallburg Borge was built in the late Iron Age, i.e. H. in the time around 400–1000 AD, and was probably not permanently inhabited. Since there was an important port near the cliff at the time of the Vikings - in the neighboring village of Kvarnbo, remains of houses from the Viking Age were discovered under and on the church - it is assumed that Borge was a refuge where the population of the At that time a densely populated area sought protection in times of war and other dangers.
Surroundings
In the vicinity of the Wallburg Borge there are four grave fields, where archaeological research mainly found finds from the Iron Age and the Viking Age, and to a lesser extent also from the Bronze Age. The largest burial ground, Ängisbacken , consists of 65 grave sites. Gammelgårdshägnaden , the second largest, has 63 graves.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kjell Ekström: Åland - skärgård i Östersjön , p. 68. Mariehamn 2006
- ↑ Lars G. Holmblad: Nordisk Vikingerguide , 124. Trelleborg 1995
- ↑ Heiner Labonde: Finland: Åland , p. 185. Offenbach 2011
