Whale catfish
Whale catfish | ||||||||||||
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Cetopsidae | ||||||||||||
Bleeker , 1858 |
The whale catfish ( Cetopsidae) are a family from the order of the catfish-like (Siluriformes). They are South American freshwater fish .
description
Whale catfish are small fish with a maximum body length of 26 centimeters. They are scaly and without bone plates under the skin with an almost cylindrical, streamlined body and blunt snout. There are three pairs of barbels , the nasal pair is missing. The anal fin has a long base and usually 20 to 49 soft rays. Dorsal and pectoral fins usually have no hard rays. There are two subfamilies:
- As adults, the Cetopsinae have no adipose fin , but there is a small one in young animals. The swim bladder is reduced and surrounded by a bone capsule. The dorsal fin is always located far in front of the body and can have a weak hard ray. The anal fin is of medium length. The eyes are very small.
- The Helogeninae with Helogenes as the only genus are no more than seven centimeters long. They have a dorsal fin roughly in the middle of the body with five soft rays, which, like the pectoral fins, never have a hard ray. A small adipose fin may be present. The anal fin is long with 32 to 49 soft rays.
Systematics
In the classical system, the whale catfish are the only family of the superfamily Cetopsidea and together with the Hypsidoridae and the remaining catfish apart from the primitive catfish (Diplomystidae) form a trichotomy . Molecular biological studies, however, indicate a position within the subordination of the Siluroidei.
The family is currently assigned 5 genera with a total of 43 species distributed over 2 subfamilies. (As of June 2018)
Subfamily Cetopsinae
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Cetopsidium
Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsidium ferreirai Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsidium minutum ( Eigenmann , 1912)
- Cetopsidium morenoi ( Fernández-Yépez , 1972)
- Cetopsidium orientale ( Vari , Ferraris & Keith , 2003)
- Cetopsidium pemon Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsidium roae Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsidium soniae Vari & dFerraris , 2009
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Cetopsis Lichtenstein , 1819
- Cetopsis amphiloxa ( Eigenmann , 1914)
- Cetopsis arcana Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis baudoensis ( Dahl , 1960)
- Cetopsis caiapo Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis candiru Spix & dAgassiz , 1829
- Cetopsis coecutiens ( Lichtenstein , 1819)
- Cetopsis fimbriata Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis gobioides Kner , 1858
- Cetopsis jurubidae ( Fowler , 1944)
- Cetopsis montana Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis motatanensis ( Schultz , 1944)
- Cetopsis oliveirai ( Lundberg & Rapp Py-Daniel , 1994)
- Cetopsis orinoco ( Schultz , 1944)
- Cetopsis othonops ( Eigenmann , 1912)
- Cetopsis parma Oliveira , Vari & Ferraris , 2001
- Cetopsis pearsoni Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis plumbea Steindachner , 1882
- Cetopsis sandrae Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis sarcodes Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis starnesi Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis umbrosa Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Cetopsis varii Abrahão & de Pinna , 2018
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Denticetopsis Ferraris , 1996
- Denticetopsis epa Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Denticetopsis iwokrama Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Denticetopsis macilenta ( Eigenmann , 1912)
- Denticetopsis praecox ( Ferraris & Brown , 1991)
- Denticetopsis royeroi Ferraris , 1996
- Denticetopsis sauli Ferraris , 1996
- Denticetopsis seducta Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
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Paracetopsis Bleeker , 1862
- Paracetopsis atahualpa Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
- Paracetopsis bleekeri Bleeker , 1862
- Paracetopsis esmeraldas Vari , Ferraris & de Pinna , 2005
Subfamily Helogeninae
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Helogenes Günther , 1863
- Helogenes castaneus ( Dahl , 1960)
- Helogenes gouldingi Vari & Ortega , 1986
- Helogenes marmoratus Günther , 1863
- Helogenes uruyensis Fernández-Yépez , 1967
Web links
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the world . 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken 2006, ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9 , pp. 164-165 .
- Tim M. Berra: Freshwater Fish Distribution . The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2007, ISBN 978-0-226-04442-2 , pp. 154-157 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Joseph S. Nelson: Fishes of the world . 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken 2006, ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9 , pp. 164 .
- ↑ JP Sullivan, Lundberg JG; Hardman M: A phylogenetic analysis of the major groups of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using rag1 and rag2 nuclear gene sequences . In: Mol Phylogenet Evol. . 41, No. 3, 2006, pp. 636-62. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.05.044 .
- ↑ Whale catfish on Fishbase.org (English)