Wasserburg Rohr
| Wasserburg Rohr | |
|---|---|
 Upper Lake, location of the lost moated castle |
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| Creation time : | Probably 13th century |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg, moth |
| Conservation status: | Castle hill and moat |
| Place: | Oberer See in Rohrer Park in Stuttgart- Rohr ( Vaihingen district ) |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 43 '2.2 " N , 9 ° 6' 13.6" E |
| Height: | 450 m above sea level NN |
The Wasserburg tube is an Outbound castle in the district tube of Stuttgart city district Vaihingen .
Castle
location
The former Wasserburg Rohr was located in today's Rohrer Park, a green area that extends about 200 meters from Schönbuchstraße to the west and is about 80 meters wide (main entrance: between Schönbuchstraße 16 and 14). The park lies in a shallow depression and includes two small lakes, the almost triangular Rohrer See or Feuersee in the east and the Upper Lake further west. The Obere See consists of an island ("Seebuckel"), a flat hill 20–22 meters in diameter, and the surrounding 6–10 meter wide moat .
Plan of the Rohrer Park.
history
On the Seebuckel stood in the 13th and 14th century moated castle pipe of the type of a motte (moth). The castle was a small residential building with a tower, moat and drawbridge . The moat was supplied by the Schlattbach, which still flows today from the park fountain to the Upper Lake and from there to the Rohrer See.
The time when the castle was built is not documented. The unknown carver of the wooden stele at the Upper Lake (see # Drawbridge ) dates the castle's construction to the year 1250. The first inhabitants of the castle were the lords of Rohr. They were feudal men of the Count Palatine of Tübingen and first appeared in documents in 1271. The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1287 as "castrum Roristage", which means "Rohr an der Steige Castle". Steige refers to the terrain that rises from Rohrer See to Rohrer Höhe from 450 to 510 meters above sea level. The reason for the mention was the destruction of the castle in the course of the armed conflict between King Rudolf von Habsburg and Count Eberhard von Württemberg . According to other sources, on which the unknown carver of the wooden stele apparently also relies, the "Ror" castle was destroyed in the Imperial War of 1312 (see Imperial War (1311–1312) ). Any remains of the later uninhabited castle were probably destroyed in a major fire in 1553, in which the entire village of Rohr was destroyed by flames.
The art historian Eduard Paulus mentioned another former castle in 1852:
- "A paved road led from the castle to the high Burgstall , a high point west of Rohr, on which, according to legend, a castle should have stood."
The high point to the west of Rohr probably means Rohrer Höhe, 1 kilometer away. So far, however, no traces have been found on the Rohrer Höhe, nor any remains of the former paved path.
Finds
19th century
In 1851, the art historian Eduard Paulus reported in his “Description of the Stuttgart Oberamts” of soil finds that “recently” had been found at the castle site. This included "several beautifully hewn stones and walls 4-5 feet thick". A lot of hollow bricks, an image of Mary, an arrowhead, iron buckles and a stone ball were also found. The valuable remains have not been individually registered and have been lost.
The finds “often showed signs of fire that indicated violent destruction”. The traces of the fire probably go back to the destruction of the castle or the major fire of 1553.
Relief stone
In 1951 a cuboid stone block with four side reliefs was found in the courtyard of the house at Rathausstrasse 4 (about 200 meters from Lake Obere and the Laurentius Church ) and was transferred to the municipal lapidary in 1953 ( lapidary collection, number 192 ). The reliefs show stations on Christ's ordeal: Crucifixion, Descent from the Cross, Pietà and Resurrection. According to an assumption made by Walter Mezger (1924–2015), a local historian from Vaihingen, the stone block could have come from the castle or the castle chapel.
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drawbridge
A wooden stele made of square wood with four carved sides of the inscription is set up near a triple birch at the Upper Lake. It is reminiscent of the remains of the drawbridge that were erected here.
When the trench of the Upper Lake was cleared in 1952, in addition to many medieval shards and animal bones, some well-preserved vessels, sieves, lamps, an old sickle and a dagger were discovered. A 19 cm high clay pot with horizontal grooves is kept in the Württembergisches Landesmuseum Stuttgart (Figure: # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , page 89).
Parts of the former drawbridge that led over the moat were also found. The remains of the bridge substructure and the seesaw trees for pulling the bridge up consisted of thick oak beams and were erected in 1964 where they were found on the Upper Lake (photos of the bridge parts: # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , page 86, # Zürn 1956 ).
Due to the weather and willful destruction, the bridge parts were destroyed within a few decades, so that their remains had to be removed. The wooden stele of an unknown carver now bears witness to the find with its inscription:
- “These [no longer existing] beams are the remains of the substructure of the drawbridge and the luffing beams for raising the bridge. The beams were excavated here in 1952 and erected in 1964 by the Stuttgart horticultural authority. "
But also this carving of an unknown homeland friend, who sacrificed many hours of his free time for it, was already the victim of a simple-minded vandal who tried his knife on the edges of the stele (in August 2016 the fresh shavings from the destruction work were still in front of the stele).
Above: The stele shows the castle tower (left), the substructure of the drawbridge, above the two seesaw trees and three knights riding into the castle.
Inscriptions on the wooden stele.
Example of a drawbridge with seesaw trees.
A stroller of our day, the journalist Erik Raidt from Rohr, reports in his blog "In 80 Linien um Stuttgart" about his re-encounter with Rohrer Castle:
- “In the park where the Rohrer See is located, there is a second, even smaller, lake above the Bärensee. There is a tiny island in the middle of the lake. I used to think that there was once a knight's castle there. Funny what you think of as a child, because with your right mind it's absolutely ridiculous. It must have been bonsai knights who wanted to build a castle on such an island. "
When Erik Raidt notices the wooden stele with the memorial inscriptions, he has to revise his judgment about the bonsai castle.
Landmarks
Two historical boundary stones were set up near the wooden stele at the Upper Lake. It is not known where they were found. They bear the numbers 44 and 47 and on one side the letter "R" for pipe and on the other side a Greek cross "+". The other characters cannot be read.
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literature
- Christine Bührlen-Grabinger; Dagmar Kraus; Martin Zurowski: Vaihingen, Rohr, Büsnau and Dürrlewang: from the history of a Stuttgart district. Stuttgart 1993.
- Eduard Paulus : pipe. In: Description of the Oberamt Stuttgart, Office. Stuttgart 1851, pages 235-239, online .
- Eduard Paulus : Archaeological journey from Stuttgart via Böblingen, Herrenberg, Wagold, Freudenstadt, into the Murgthal and from there back via Herrenalb, Neuenbürg, Liebenzell, Calw, Sindelfingen to Stuttgart. in: Writings of the Württemberg Alterthums-Verein , No. 2, 1852, pages 3–31, here 3, online .
- Hans Schleuning (editor): Stuttgart manual. Stuttgart 1985, page 186.
- Hartwig Zürn : The prehistoric and early historical site monuments and the medieval castle areas of the Stuttgart city district and the Böblingen, Eßlingen and Nürtingen districts . Verlag Silberburg, Stuttgart 1956, page 11, plate XXII, 1.
See also
Web links
- Website of the city of Stuttgart .
- leo-bw.de .
- City map of Stuttgart with parcels and contour lines .
Footnotes
- ↑ # Zürn 1956 : "in the Pfaffenwiesen (Plot 123 and 124)". The Pfaffenwiesen on today's Stuttgart city map are located 80 meters west of the Upper Lake and include parcels 133/1 and 133/2 ( city map of Stuttgart ).
- ↑ Information from # Zürn 1956 : diameter 12 m and trench width 5 m.
- ↑ On the northern edge of the Rohrer Park runs the Steigstraße, the name of which refers to the shape of the terrain.
- ↑ # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , pages 85-91.
- ↑ #Paulus 1852 .
- ↑ # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , page 85.
- ↑ The walls were 1.20 to 1.50 meters thick (1 foot = about 30 cm).
- ↑ #Paulus 1851 , page 239, # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , page 85.
- ↑ #Paulus 1851 , page 239.
- ↑ # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , pages 85-86.
- ↑ In 80 lines about Stuttgart (day 2) .
- ↑ Bärensee: Rohrer See, on the shore of which a small bear is placed, the bronze replica of a sandstone sculpture by Lilli Kerzinger-Werth .
- ↑ # Bührlen-Grabinger 1993 , page 101.