Horka fortified church
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The Protestant fortified church Horka is a Gothic hall church on a fortified churchyard ( church castle ) in Horka in the district of Görlitz in Saxony . It belongs to the parish Horka in the parish of Schlesische Oberlausitz of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz .
history
The church is surrounded by a high wall with a crenellated wreath, which is provided with a fortified gate, to which the rectory is structurally connected. It forms an ensemble that is unique in this region . The oldest part of the church is the choir from around 1225, which was later supplemented in the High Gothic style . In the late Gothic period, the choir was extended to the west and provided with a presumably square nave. Furthermore, the tower, the ground floor and the crypt of the northern choir extension and the defensive wall were built at this time. Another renovation took place in 1741, whereby the nave was expanded, the north sacristy was raised, the manor's box and galleries were set up and the gateway was renewed. The lodge was expanded around 1770/1780. Restorations took place in 1906, 1962–1964 and 1979.
architecture
The building consists of a rectangular nave with a strongly drawn-in, straight closed choir, each of which is closed off with a gable roof. On the south side of the choir is the high tower, which is closed with an onion hood and lantern , on the north side of the choir a two-storey extension. The nave walls are provided with buttresses, the interior is illuminated above all by flat-arched closed, partly pointed-arched windows. The well-designed baroque west portal shows a basket-arched door frame made of sandstone with richly carved door leaves, which used to bear the year 1741. Inside, the two-bay choir is closed with ribbed vaults, the ribs of which rise from capitals , some of which sit over short circular services. Some of the capitals are provided with flat tendril reliefs and coats of arms, in the northeast corner a female bust has been used as a capital. On the north side there is a barrel-vaulted room, under which there is the crypt of those of Gersdorf with four richly crafted, partly colored sarcophagi from the 17th century made of sandstone; above it is the patronage box. A richly profiled gate with a curved pointed arch leads on the south side to the tower hall, the former sacristy. A pressed pointed arch conveys the ship with a flat groin vault. Simple two-story galleries are built into the longitudinal walls, the organ gallery is single-story.
Murals
Extensive wall paintings are almost completely preserved in the choir and partially on the north wall of the nave. Three paintings have been preserved in the choir. The oldest layer from around 1225/1230 with a passion cycle over a red curtain with a meander ribbon can be found on the north wall and on the south side of the east wall. Above it is an early Gothic arcade, in the inter-columns of which there are full-figure saints from the second half of the 13th century, presumably representing apostles and prophets (south wall). The best-preserved, late Gothic wall painting can be found in the base zone and shows an angel procession from the end of the 15th century. This also includes the painting related to the sacrament niche on the north east wall with the handkerchief of Veronica , two angels wearing a monstrance and a mercy seat from around 1500. The vault is decorated with stars and grooves on the ribs from around 1225 / 1230 provided. The keystones from the late Gothic period show a Christ head and coat of arms. Only individual fragments of the painting have been preserved on the north wall, albeit with a signature: “Hic fuit thoma mosko”.
Furnishing
A well-designed carved altar structure with somewhat rustic reliefs was created by a Zittau sculptor in 1667. The early classical pulpit from 1780 is painted in gray and gold. Numerous baroque grave monuments are attached to the outer walls. The organ is a work by Groß & Soldan from 1997 with 23 registers on two manuals and a pedal .
Surroundings
The churchyard is laid out slightly oval; the high defensive wall probably dates from the time of the Upper Lusatian Hussite Wars around 1430. The gate building with the adjacent rectory was built in 1741, but it certainly replaces a medieval building. The gateway is two-story with a low, round-arched passage. On the upper floor there is a two-bay room with a flat groin vault, which houses the church library with valuable book holdings.
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Saxony I. District of Dresden. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-422-03043-3 , pp. 454–455.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved December 12, 2019 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 11.1 ″ N , 14 ° 53 ′ 31.3 ″ E