White tooth spinner

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White tooth spinner
White tooth spinner

White tooth spinner

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Toothed Moth (Notodontidae)
Subfamily : Notodontinae
Genre : Leucodonta
Type : White tooth spinner
Scientific name
Leucodonta bicoloria
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
White tooth spinner (preparation)

The white toothed moth ( Leucodonta bicoloria ) is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of toothed moth (Notodontidae).

features

The moths reach a wingspan of 28 to 36 millimeters. They are distinctive because of their appearance. All wings are snow-white in color. On the front wings there is a typical, clearly orange-yellow drawing roughly in the form of a lying Y, framed by two other, smaller spots of the same color. A few small black spots can be seen on the outer edge of the forewings. The lower wings run out on the inner edge with the finest white hairs.

The egg is flat domed and white, yellowish or light green in color. The caterpillar is straight with only a few hairs. It is yellow-green, with two dark green, yellowish back lines, as well as black stigmas and golden-yellow foot stripes. The head is dark green. The doll is slim and cylindrical, rounded at the end.

Geographical occurrence and habitat

The animals come from Western Europe (Ireland), over the northern part of Central Europe, in Northern Europe, in Russia to the Amur area and in Hokkaidō (Japan). In Central Europe, light birch forests, moors, as well as warm slopes and heaths with birch trees are the preferred habitat.

Way of life

The moths fly in one generation in Central Europe annually from mid-May to late June. They are nocturnal and also fly to artificial light sources . The caterpillars can be found from mid-June to late August. They feed mainly on the leaves of the birch trees ( Betula ). Both the moths and the caterpillars prefer to stay in the treetops. Pupation takes place in a web on the ground. The pupa hibernates.

Systematics

The white tooth spinner flies in areas influenced by the continental climate (e.g. from Finland eastwards) in an almost completely white form, probably an adaptation to this climate. Only white specimens fly in Siberia. This shape was called f. albida described. Schintlmeister and Sviridov (1986) consider this form a subspecies. The name is available; it was introduced into the literature as Leucodonta albida by Boisduval (1834). A more recent synonym is Shironia nivea Matsumara, 1925 by Hokkaidō.

Hazard and protection

The species is endangered in many areas of Germany, in Baden-Württemberg it is on the warning list, i. H. It is to be feared that if certain endangerment factors persist, the species will be classified as "endangered" in the future. The Hochstenöke species is an indicator of particularly mild locations.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. (Bombyces and Sphinges). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1960, DNB 456642196 .
  2. ↑ Kari Nupponen & Michael Fibiger: Contribution to the knowledge of the fauna of Bombyces, Sphinges and Noctuidae of the Southern Ural Mountains, with description of a new Dichagyris (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae, Endromidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Noctuidae, Pantheidae , Nolidae, Arctiidae). Phegea, 30 (4): 121-185, Antwerpen 2002 ISSN  0771-5277 PDF ( Memento of August 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Alexander Schintlmeister, Andrej V. Sviridov: A Notodontidae yield from the Amur region (Notodontidae studies 6) (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). In: Entomofauna, Journal of Entomology. 7 (15), pp. 217-224, Linz 1986, ISSN  0250-4413 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  4. ↑ LV Bolshakov, VS Okulov: Moths of Udmurtia. Bombicoid complex (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae, Thyatiridae, Lasiocampidae, Lemoniidae, Saturniidae, Endromididae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, Lymantriidae, Arctiidae, Syntomidae). Eversmannia, 11-12: 64-87, 2007 PDF
  5. ↑ Günter Ebert (Ed.): The Butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 4, Moths II (Bombycidae, Endromidae, Lasiocampidae, Lemoniidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Drepanidae, Notodontidae, Dilobidae, Lymantriidae, Ctenuchidae, Nolidae). Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-800-13474-8
  6. ↑ Gerfried Deschka, Josef Wimmer: Ecological valence analysis with large butterflies as indicators in the community of Waldhausen in Upper Austria. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Society for Regional Studies, Linz 1996 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).

Web links

Commons : Weißer Zahnspinner  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files