Tonale plant

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Throat side Tonale plant around 1915

The Tonale plant (ital. Forte Zaccarana ) was part of the Tonale lock , next to the Presanella plant the most modern of this group and belonged to Subrayon II of the system of Austrian fortifications on the border with Italy .

The plant was located at the confluence of the Val Strino in the Val di Vermiglio on a mountain ledge at an altitude of 2116 meters north of the Tonale pass road. Thus it was the highest of all Austro-Hungarian fortifications. Together with the Presanella plant on the opposite slope, it was able to completely cordon off the Val di Vermiglio, as the three hairpin bends of the pass road on the Rio del Mero were in the direct shooting range. In terms of design, the system had been adapted to the system used at the Lavarone works ( Verle and Lusern works ). Although it was not completed until 1910, when the war began five years later it no longer met the fortification requirements, among other things because the battery block and the casemate block (accommodation area) were not yet separated. The facility was secured with a front ditch (but not with a throat ditch), a close combat facility and a trench blow .

The armament consisted of:

Plan for the Tonale plant

Although the factory was heavily shelled by the Italian batteries from Ponte di Legno and the Valle di Pezzo during the fighting , it did not suffer any serious damage. The destruction visible today did not occur until the 1930s during the Mussolini era, when the armored domes were dismantled and the steel used was blown out due to the steel embargo imposed by the League of Nations against Italy during its war against Abyssinia in the 1930s.

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  • Erwin Anton Grestenberger: Imperial and Royal fortifications in Tyrol and Carinthia 1860–1918 . Verlag Österreich ua, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-8132-0747-1 .
  • Wilhelm Nussstein: Dolomites. Austrian fortresses in Northern Italy. From the seven municipalities to the Flitscher Klause . Mittler, Hamburg et al. 1997, ISBN 3-8132-0496-0 , ( military history travel guide ).
  • Vienna War Archives

Coordinates: 46 ° 16 ′ 47 "  N , 10 ° 37 ′ 25"  E