Nauders roadblock

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Nauders fortress
The former Sperrfort (now a museum) seen from the B 180 (looking south).

The former Sperrfort (now a museum) seen from the B 180 (looking south).

Alternative name (s): Dark coin
Creation time : 1834-1840
Geographical location 46 ° 54 '47.7 "  N , 10 ° 29' 35"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 54 '47.7 "  N , 10 ° 29' 35"  E
Height: 1186  m above sea level A.
Roadblock Nauders (Tyrol)
Nauders roadblock
Nauders barrier from the south (from the Reschenpass)

The Nauders road block , also called Hochfinstermünz lock , is a fortress two and a half kilometers northwest of the village of Nauders in North Tyrol . The complex was built between 1834 and 1840 on the site of an old defensive wall and was the oldest manned fortress on the Austrian side during the First World War .

The Nauders Fortress is located in a ravine in the jutting radius of a double curve and is therefore practically unassailable. It is the only old Austrian fortification from the southern barrier chain that is still on Austrian soil. The plant was not involved in combat operations and is therefore very well preserved. Today the “ Fortress Nauders ” museum is located in the fortress, the narrow part of the road leading by is known as the Finstermünz Pass .

Description and history

The building does not yet show the simplicity of the later years; Great importance was attached to architectural balance here. The geographical conditions were optimally taken into account during the construction, as the structure was literally nestled against the rock. The system blocked the road from the Reschenpass to Landeck or Vorarlberg and Innsbruck . However, the defense capability is given on two sides, so that there was also a field of fire to the north.

The following inscription can be read in the north-facing gable :

FRANCISCUS I. 1834.
FERDINANDUS I. 1840.

This refers to the two Austrian emperors Franz I and Ferdinand I , under whose rule the building was built.

The structure is made of masonry according to the times and can only be described as less shell-proof. The only exceptions are the parts that were built into the rock and were therefore considered absolutely bombproof. Direct fire would not have been possible, however, and indirect fire from howitzers from the street over the ledges would probably not have been very successful.

The factory was set up for rifle and gunfire and had a throat ditch with a removable bridge. A two-storey throat suitcase , which was set up to hold the eight cannons , is added into the street .

First floor: two single casemates on each side.
Second floor: a double casemate on each side.

The facility was equipped with eight 8 cm M 94 casemate cannons, two of which were delivered to the Gomagoi barrier at the start of the war .

The rear part is raised and has four floors in places, all of which are provided with rifle slots. Inside there are two-story crew casemates and supply rooms. Fresh water was taken from a stream that flows under the plant.

crew

Altogether about 40 men who were housed in a barracks building across the street. It is not known whether the lock was permanently occupied, but it is unlikely.

The planning for the construction was carried out by Lieutenant Field Marshal Franz Scholl , who also designed the fortress of Verona and the fortress of Franzensfeste . Engineer in charge of the place was Major General George Eberle, who is also a senior engineer in the construction of the federal fortress Rastatt was.

After the Second World War , the French occupying power used Nauders as a depot. The Austrian Armed Forces then finally gave up the property as a military object in 1970, but operated bunker systems and barriers (fixed installations) in the vicinity during the space defense era .

and display information about the image
Panoramic view of the Nauders roadblock

literature

  • Moritz Ritter von Brunner: The permanent fortification. For the kuk military training institutions. 7th edition. LW Seidl, Vienna 1909.
  • Willibald Rosner: The Austro-Hungarian mountain fortification of the Vogl era (1883 / 84-1900). In: Militaria austriaca 15, ZDB -ID 557189-3 .
  • Erwin Anton Grestenberger: Imperial and Royal fortifications in Tyrol and Carinthia 1860–1918 . Verlag Österreich ua, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-8132-0747-1 .

Web links

Commons : Fortress Nauders  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ However, writing of the kuk Militäradministratur to 1918 since the spelling reform of 1996 as Field Marshal Lieutenant referred