Recovery volume

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A recovery volume is a special volume on a computer system, such as a personal computer , on which a recovery system is set up. This may on some computers, such as Macs from Apple , with a key combination to start directly from the firmware.

Windows

The operating system Windows of Microsoft is the Windows Recovery Environment to German, the Windows Recovery Environment on a partition of type DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6ACin GPT or 0x27at MBR . Since Windows 7 , the partition is set up automatically when Windows is installed. In the event of three false starts of Windows, the operating system automatically offers the option of starting into the recovery environment at the next start .

With earlier Windows versions, Windows XP and Vista and the server versions based on them, a version of Windows PE was often used in combination with a computer program for data backup and restoration . PE stands for Preinstallation Environment and is from an external storage medium bootable Windows. This means that memory images can also be used to reset the installation to the factory settings. Although some solutions actually start from an external storage medium, some solutions offer the creation of a recovery partition. An example of this is Rescue and Recovery from IBM / Lenovo. A direct start from the firmware (the BIOS or UEFI ) was also implemented. The partition is of the MBR partition type 0x12. With ThinkPads and ThinkCentres, direct start-up can be initiated by holding the button F11while the firmware is initializing the system or after POST , provided the recovery partition is available.

Another technology is the Hidden Protected Area , which z. B. was also integrated by IBM in ThinkPads in the BIOS . At the end of the internal data memory (the hard drive), an area is hidden from the software and, similar to a recovery partition, can only be started or used via the BIOS.

macOS

On macOS from Apple , a recovery volume has been set up during installation since Lion , version 10.7 of 2011. If the partition is missing, it is usually recreated during an upgrade . The English name of the partition is “ Recovery HD ” and it has the GUID type 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC, and in the case of MBR hybrid partitioning it is also the MBR type 0xab. Since macOS High Sierra , this is usually no longer a partition, but an APFS volume with the title " Recovery " within the APFS container in which macOS was also installed.

The recovery volume is not automatically activated in the Finder or on the desktop under macOS and is usually hidden in the disk utility. By holding the after the POST of the EFI firmware, the recovery volume can be selected for starting on Intel Macs as well as by the key combination  + . The "macOS recovery" is located in the partition or the APFS volume, which not only can reset the operating system to factory settings, but also provides access to the hard disk utility and the terminal emulation Terminal.app . This means that Time Machine backups can be restored just like your own backups. The System Integrity Protection (SIP) can be disabled so or activated. Wahltaste ⌥ Befehlstaste ⌘R

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Windows Startup Settings (including Safe Mode). In: Windows Support. Microsoft , September 14, 2016, accessed on January 6, 2020 : “If you do not have installation media, restart the computer three times using the power button. This will start the Windows recovery environment. "
  2. ↑ Start the Lenovo BIOS - this is how it works. In: Computer Bild . Axel Springer , March 30, 2017, accessed on January 5, 2020 : “If you also want to call up the recovery partition of your computer, hold down the“ F11 ”key. The operating system can be repaired or reinstalled with the aid of the recovery partition. "
  3. ↑ Information on macOS recovery. Apple , December 18, 2019, retrieved January 5, 2020 : "Start your Mac and immediately press and hold Command (⌘) -R."
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Reszel: Tip: Deactivate System Integrity Protection (SIP) in macOS. In: Heise online . 19th January 2018 . Retrieved January 5, 2020 .; Quote: "Deactivate SIP completely in macOS recovery - System Integrity Protection can only be switched off in macOS recovery mode."