William of Orange-Nassau
Wilhelm Nikolaus Alexander Friedrich Karl Heinrich von Oranien-Nassau (Dutch Willem Nicolaas Alexander Frederik Karel Hendrik, prins van Oranje, prins der Nederlanden, prins van Oranje-Nassau ; born September 4, 1840 in The Hague ; † June 11, 1879 in Paris ) was Prince of Orange-Nassau and the Netherlands .
Life
He was the eldest son of King Wilhelm III. and Sophie von Württemberg , a daughter of Wilhelm I of Württemberg . After the death of his grandfather Wilhelm II in 1849, he became Crown Prince . Wilhelm, only called Wiwill in the family , was brought up in the strict Victorian style , which turned out to be fatal. His tutor reported of masturbation and the punishment given for it, which made the prince feel guilty. On the other hand, Wilhelm was said to have an astute mind.
The relationship with his parents became problematic when Wilhelm fell in love with Mathilde von Limburg-Stirum . The daughter of Count Leopold von Limburg-Stirum and Julie Marie Barre belonged to the Dutch aristocracy, but in the opinion of the time they were not considered appropriate. However, contemporaries suspected that Wilhelm III. had a relationship with Julie Marie Barre and Mathilde was the half-sister of the Crown Prince.
Wilhelm then went into self-chosen exile in Paris and plunged into a life of sex, alcohol and gambling. Henriette Hauser, his lover there, lovingly called the Prince of Orange (Dutch: prins van Oranje = French: Prince d'Orange) lemon , which led to the "Prince de Citron" being read in the Parisian tabloids and so his way of life became a public scandal. Hauser repeatedly modeled Édouard Manet , and the picture Nana became a social scandal in 1877.
At the age of 38, the prince died of a combination of typhoid , liver disease and total exhaustion. The new heir to the throne was his younger brother Alexander , who, however, also died before his father. After the death of Wilhelm III. Finally, his daughter Wilhelmina ascended the Dutch throne from her marriage to Emma zu Waldeck and Pyrmont .
literature
- Uwe Schögl (Red.): Orange. 500 years of portraits of a dynasty from the portrait collection of the Austrian National Library, Vienna and the Dutch Royal Collection The Hague. (Exhibition from February 1 to March 19, 2002, Camineum of the Austrian National Library, Vienna). Austrian National Library et al., Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-01-000028-6 , p. 116.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | William of Orange-Nassau |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wilhelm Nikolaus Alexander Friedrich Karl Heinrich von Oranien-Nassau (full name); Oranje-Nassau, Willem Nicolaas Alexander Frederik Karel Hendrik van |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prince of Orange-Nassau, Prince of the Netherlands, and eldest son of King Wilhelm III. |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 4, 1840 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | The hague |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 11, 1879 |
| Place of death | Paris |
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Willem III |
Prince van Oranje 1849–1879 |
Alexander of Orange-Nassau |