William Watson Cheyne
Sir William Watson Cheyne (born December 14, 1852 at sea off Hobart , Tasmania , † April 19, 1932 ) was a British surgeon.
Cheyne was the son of a merchant marine captain. His mother died when he was four years old, so he grew up with his maternal grandfather, a pastor, and then with his aunt in Fetlar . From 1864 he attended the Aberdeen Grammar School and from 1868 the King's College in Aberdeen . Since he wanted to go to sea as a ship's doctor, he began to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1871 , where he graduated in medicine and surgery in 1875.
He became the in-house surgeon in 1876 to Joseph Lister , the pioneer of antiseptic medicine in Great Britain, at King's College Hospital, London. First he was Assistant Surgeon there, from 1880 a surgeon and from 1891 professor of surgery. He was a follower of Lister on antiseptic issues and was also heavily influenced by Robert Koch , whose laboratory in Berlin he visited in 1886. He dealt with tuberculosis research and experimented with Koch's tuberculin , which he found only partially effective.
After he was Consulting Surgeon of the British Army in the Boer War from 1900 to 1901 , he was Consulting Surgeon of the Royal Navy in 1914 and, for a short time, Surgeon General of the Royal Navy in 1915. He was later also a Surgeon Rear Admiral.
In 1917 he retired and in the same year became Member of Parliament for the Universities of Edinburgh and St. Andrews (from 1918 for the United Scottish Universities) for the Scottish Unionist Party. He stayed in Parliament until 1922.
In 1919 he became Lord Lieutenant of Orkney and Shetland, which he remained until 1930. From 1922 he lived in Fetlar.
He was a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (FRCS), of which he was President from 1914 to 1916, Knight of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG) and Commander of the Order of the Bath (CB). In 1910 he became Honorary Surgeon in Ordinary of King George V. In 1924 he received the first Lister Medal . In 1894 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society . In 1908 he was given the title of peer (baron).
Fonts
- Antiseptic Surgery: Its Principles, Practice, History and Results, 1882, Online
- Lister and His Achievement, 1925 (Lister Oration)
- On the Treatment of Tuberculous Diseases in Their Surgical Aspect, 1900 (Harvey Lecture 1899)
- Tuberculosis disease of bones and joints: their pathology, symptoms and treatment, 1895, online
- Manual of the antiseptic treatment of wounds, 1885, online
- with Frederic Francis Burghard, John Frederick William Silk: A Manual of Surgical Treatment, seven volumes, from 1899
- The treatment of wounds, ulcers and abscesses, 1895, online
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cheyne, William Watson |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British surgeon |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 14, 1852 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | at Hobart |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 19, 1932 |