Wotic language

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Wotisch (vad'd'a tšeeli)
Spoken in	Russia
speaker	15th
Linguistic classification	Ural languages Finno-Ugric Baltic Finnish Wotisch
Language codes
ISO 639 -1	-
ISO 639 -2	vot
ISO 639-3	vot

Villages with Votish-speaking population in 1943 (red), 1915 (red & purple) and 1848 (red, purple & dark yellow) next to Ischoric (Ingrian) villages in 1943 (blue) and Finnish villages in 1943 (green) in Leningrad Oblast , Kingiseppski Rajon. Map of Lomonosov University's Linguarium project (Russian).

The Wotic language is an endangered language of the Finno-Ugric language family .

The Voten , the original speakers of this language, are the second population group in Ingermanland in present-day Russia next to the Ingrians . According to H. Heinsoo from 1989, from whom the last data on this language comes, 112 people reported speaking this language in the census in Russia. The name is vad'd'alain , the meaning and origin of which are unknown.

Four main dialects of this language are known, but most of them have already died out:

• West Votic
• Kukkusi Wotisch (extinct)
• Ostwotisch (extinct in the 1960s)
• Krewinisch in southern Latvia (extinct in the 19th century)

There is no written language .

Linguistically, Wotisch is most closely related to Estonian . Wotisch belongs to the southern group of Baltic Finnish languages within the Finno-Ugric languages and has their typical features.

Wotisch has fourteen cases and, as a special feature, six tenses within the Finno-Ugric languages , including the future tense , which is completely atypical for Finno-Ugric languages .

In the phonetics of the Wotish it is noticeable that it is very rich in diphthongs , but has a comparatively weak consonant system , especially the lack of voiced fricatives . In contrast, the frequency of š and tš , which is the result of a Votic sound shift, is striking . For example, Baltic Finnish k before e, ä and i became tš , cf. Finnish kenkä, mäki, kieli , wotisch tšentšä, mätši, tšeeli .

While other Finno-Ugric languages ​​such as Wepsic have almost given up the level change , this has not only been preserved in Wotic, but has also developed further.

The vocabulary of Votic shows strong influences from Russian .

literature

• Paul Ariste : A Grammar of the Votic Language. Curzon Press, Bloomington (?) 1997.
• Dmitri Tsvetkov : Vadja keele grammatika. Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, Tallinn 2008, ISBN 978-9985-79-216-2 .
• Vadja keele sõnaraamat. Volume 1. Eesti Keele Institute, Tallinn 1990, ISBN 978-9985-79-303-9 .

Web links

Test Wikipedia on Wotisch

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Report for language code: vot. Ethnologue , accessed on October 17, 2011 .