Wunderburg (Bamberg)
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Wonder castle
City of Bamberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 53 ′ 23 " N , 10 ° 45 ′ 3" E
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| Postal code : | 96050 |
The Wunderburg is a district in the southeast of Bamberg , which today has around 7500 inhabitants. Adjacent lie north the Theuerstadt and Bamberg-Ost, east of Hauptsmoorwald , southeast and west of the Gereuth right river Regnitz .
history
The search for the origin of the name Wunderburg led to numerous speculations, among other things, to an early mention in a document of the Bamberg State Archives from the year 1350. According to this, the construction of a stately and defensive-looking building outside of the then urban area between Nürnberger Straße and the main moor may be in the same year by Friedrich von Rothenstein aroused the admiration of the local residents and gave the current district its name.
The village settlement in the vicinity of today's area of the Wunderburg was characterized by gardening, forestry and hunting of the main moor forest that previously extended to the Regnitz.
Important connecting routes were the road to Nuremberg as a trade route, the long footbridge over the Regnitz to the island city and today's Egelseestrasse, which branches off from the Steinweg.
At the time of the Thirty Years War in 1632, large parts of the wonder castle fell victim to a fire when Swedish besiegers fought against imperial troops.
In 1673 the Wunderburg was counted to the area of immunity of the St. Gangolf monastery and was therefore subject to its jurisdiction. At the same time, the monastery exercised lordship over the area.
In the following period, the Wunderburg belonged to a group of settlements with a village character such as Aufseßhöflein, Seehöflein, Rothof, Cherbonhof, Bug and Bughof and remained a separate community under episcopal sovereignty until the secularization of Bamberg Monastery in 1803.
Positioned as a deterrent between Jägerstrasse and Theresienstrasse and thus within sight of the road to Nuremberg , there was a gallows from 1362 to 1810. Street and field names such as Galgenfuhr, Am Hochgericht or Galgenfelder are evidence of this.
As a result of the secularization, the Bamberg Monastery passed into the rule of the Bavarian Electorate , which involved a reorganization of the administrative organization such as the division of the urban area into districts, in which the wonder castle belonged to District V., the transfer of the community treasury to the treasury and the creation of civic associations brought himself.
A baroque chapel built in 1689 on the site of today's church was demolished in 1888. In the same year construction began on the neo-Gothic parish church Maria Hilf, which was inaugurated a year later and has been surrounded by a small pedestrian zone since 1982.
In the area of Nürnberger Strasse, the Koppenhof barracks were built in 1872 and the Holzhof barracks I and II for the Royal Bavarian Uhlan Regiment in 1883 and 1887, respectively . After the end of the Second World War, the barracks were used as accommodation for displaced persons . In the meantime, the barracks have been converted into an industrial park. The Wunderburger School was built in 1879 and has been expanded twice since then.
Population development
According to estimates based on records made during tax collections, the Wunderburg had a little less than 200 inhabitants in the thirties of the 16th century, while Bamberg had a total of 8,000 inhabitants. In the 20s of the 18th century 465 people lived in the Wunderburg, which means that the population had grown roughly proportionally to that of Bamberg, which had over 18,600 inhabitants, within 200 years.
The parish fair has been in use since 1528 and takes place every third weekend in July.
From 1929 the Apollo cinema existed in Peuntstrasse.
economy
The wonder castle was originally shaped by handicrafts, gardening and forestry, but with advancing industrialization, growing areas for the construction of apartments for industrial workers were increasingly reduced.
The Mahr and Keesmann breweries and the Bamberg malt house (founded as the Dessauer malt house) are located in the Wunderburg . The Maisel brewery existed until 2008 .
Robert Bosch GmbH and the printing and media company Fränkischer Tag are also represented.
literature
- Horst Gehringer: The wonder castle in Bamberg. A district history , Bamberg 2005, ISBN 3-00-016996-2
- Franconian Day on Friday 7 July 2006