Xocavənd (city)
| Martuni Մարտունի Xocavənd |
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| Country |
 Azerbaijan / Artsakh Republic (de facto) |
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| Province in Artsakh | Martuni | ||
| Rayon in Azerbaijan | Xocavənd | ||
| Coordinates | 39 ° 48 ' N , 47 ° 7' E | ||
| Residents | 5,800 (2011) | ||
| Time zone | UTC + 4 | ||
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_(%2BAzerbaijan).svg)
Xocavənd ( Azerbaijani ) or Martuni ( Armenian Մարտունի ), in 1993 officially used name Monteapert (Monteaberd, Մոնթեաբերդ ), is a city in the Republic of Artsakh or Azerbaijan in the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast .
Under the name Martuni, it is the capital of the province of the same name in the Republic of Arzach or as Xocavənd capital of the rayon of the same name in Azerbaijan. In 2011 the city had over 5800 inhabitants. Since 1991 the city has been administered and claimed by the Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh).
history
The area around the city of Martuni has been populated at least since the Neolithic Age. Graves from this period and from the Bronze Age have been found during excavations. In the Middle Ages, several churches were built in the surrounding area, of which only ruins have survived. Remnants of settlements and khachkars have been preserved from the same period .
During the Soviet era, the village, then called Honaschen , became the administrative seat of a district of the same name in Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast . In 1925 the village was elevated to a town and at the same time renamed Martuni , the nom de guerre of the Armenian revolutionary Alexander Myasnikov . The predominant agriculture was organized in kolkhozes and concentrated on animal husbandry, grain and viticulture and horticulture.
In the run-up to the Nagorno-Karabakh War, a Mil-Mi-8 military helicopter was shot down here in 1991 . In the course of the dissolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast by the Azerbaijani SSR on November 26, 1991, the city of Martuni was renamed Xocavənd, a suburb of the city then predominantly inhabited by Azerbaijanis. Since Martuni is on the edge of the Nagorno-Karabakh region, it became a front-line city in the conflict that escalated into war in 1992. Monte Melkonian was in command of the defense of the city and its surroundings. After Monte Melkonian's death in the Battle of Agdam in 1993, the city was renamed Monteapert after him .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Robert Joseph Krikorian Masih: Armenia: At the Crossroads. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 978-9057023453 , p. 44.
- ^ Christoph Zürcher: The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus. 2007. NYU Press. ISBN 9780814797099 , p. 177.
- ↑ Հերոսի հիշատակը հարգելով. ուխտագնացություն դեպի Եռաբլուր. Hetq , June 13, 2011, Մոնթեաբերդ-Մարտունու.
- ↑ Census of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh , 2011, p. 25. (PDF)
- ↑ Anon. «Մարտունի» (Martuni). Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. vol. vii. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1981, p. 352.
- ^ Markar Melkonian : My Brother's Road: An American's Fateful Journey to Armenia . New York: IB Tauris, 2005. pp. 207ff. ISBN 1-85043-635-5 .