Xueyantuo

The Xueyantuo were a Turkic people in Asia . They split off from the Tiele in 628 .

history

In the beginning, the Xueyantuo were two tribes, the Xue and the Yantuo . After Yoshibo, the Xueyantuo founded their own short-lived khaghanate (630-646 in the steppe under Yinan , his son Bazhuo (拔 灼) and his nephew Duomozhi (咄 摩 支)). The last one probably submitted to the Chinese.

On March 27, 630 the Xueyantuo defeated the eastern Turk khaghanate in an alliance with the Chinese , so that its khaghan Illig fled. After that, the Xueyantuo ruled a large part of the northern steppe. In 632 they repulsed an army of Si Yabgu, khaghan of the western Turk khaganate . They then subjugated the Karluken on the Ulungur and Irtysch as well as the Yenisei - Kirghiz . In 634 Dubu (Ashina Shier), one of their greatest rivals and rulers over the eastern part of the western Chaganat, was killed.

In the period that followed, the Xueyantuo had a friendly relationship with the Chinese. This lasted until 639 when Ashina Jiedushuai (阿 史 那 结社 率) went on a raid after he was ostracized by the Chinese emperor . Together with his nephew Ashina Heluohu (阿 史 那 贺 逻 鹘) he was able to defeat the Xueyantuo. Parts of the population were deported to the north of the Ordos and Heluohu established a new eastern Turk khaghanate, which was subordinate to the western Turk khaghanate and became the enemy of the Xueyantuo.

Later Ashina Simo (阿 史 那 思摩) was appointed to the government of this area. But he did not succeed in holding the tribes together and constant attacks by the Xueyantuo and Chinese ensued. As early as 644 tribal chiefs fled to the south and in the second year of his reign there was a coup d'état. In August 646 the khaghanate was finally smashed by the Huihe (回 纥) and the Chinese. The last gentlemen were destroyed two years later in September. Shortly after 646, the chiefs of the Tiele and Huihe tribes came to the Chinese court. They were appointed commanders (都督 dudu) or prefects (刺史 cishi) of the Northern Protectorate or the "pacified North" (安 北 府).