Yapen bulldog bat
| Yapen bulldog bat | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chaerephon jobensis | ||||||||||||
| ( GS Miller , 1902) |
The Yapen bulldog bat , also known as the North Australian bulldog bat ( Chaerephon jobensis , synonyms : Nyctinomus jobensis and Nyctinomus plicatus colonicus ) is a bat species of the genus of the cantilever bat that occurs in Australis .
description
The head-body length of the nominate form of the Yapen bulldog bat is about 52-71 mm, the tail protruding from the tail membrane is about 31-45 mm long. The forearm length is about 43 - 50 mm. The weight is 10.5 - 13.5 g. The subspecies C. j. colonensis is heavier and larger than the nominate form: it weighs around 20 - 30 g, the head-trunk length 80 - 90 mm and the tail length 35 - 45 mm. The forearm is about 46-52 mm long. The short fur is colored dark gray-brown to red-brown on the upper side. The ventral side is more gray in color. The lips are wrinkled and the ears are connected by a strip of skin on the head.
Systematics, distribution & endangerment
There are two subspecies that differ in size and weight:
- Chaerephon jobensis jobensis ( GS Miller , 1902) occurring on Seram , Yapen , in the east of New Guinea and on New Britain
- Chaerephon jobensis colonicus ( Thomas , 1906) occurring in Northern Australia from Geraldton in Western Australia to Rockhampton in the east and on the offshore islands
The Solomon Islands bulldog bat as well as the Fijian bulldog bat were also considered to be Yapen bulldog bats. Genetic studies support the species separation in three different ways.
The IUCN does not consider the Yapen bulldog bat to be endangered ( least concern ) due to its large distribution area, the presumably large population and the large number of different habitats used, including anthropogenic ones .
Way of life
Yapen bulldog bats are nocturnal and hunt insects in the open air above the treetops. The bats are found in different habitats: in different forest types such as rain, gallery, dry and mangrove forests, in settlements and in agricultural areas up to 1,400 m above sea level. NN They were observed by insects attracted by artificial light sources such. B. Moth hunting. Quarters are located in tree and rock caves as well as in anthropogenic structures such as B. Bridges. The colonies usually consist of a few animals (around 10-15 animals), although groups of around 300 animals with strong heads are rarely found. The quarters are usually left at dusk. The echolocation calls are between 16 and 23 kHz and are therefore partially audible to humans. There can be greater distances between the roost and the hunting habitat, which can be overcome in a fast flight with an average of around 24 km / h. The young animals are born in the nursery around December, the young animals become independent in March or April at the latest.
Etymology & Research History
The holotype was first described in 1902 by Gerrit Smith Miller under the name Nyctinomus jobensis . The species name can be traced back to the place where the holotype was found, the island of Yapen . The holotype was collected by Odoardo Beccari . The first specimen of the subspecies C. j. colonicus was collected by W. Stalker and first described by Oldfield Thomas in 1906 under the name Nyctinomus plicatus colonicus .
Web links
- Chaerephon jobensis in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- Chaerephon jobensis inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.3. Listed by: KD Armstrong, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Greater Northern Free-tailed Bat In: PJ Taylor: Family Molossidae In: Don E. Wilson, & Russell A. Mittermeier (editor): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Bats. (HMW, Volume 9) Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2019, p. 651. ISBN 978-84-16728-19-0 .
- ^ Theodor CH Cole: Dictionary of Mammal Names - Dictionary of Mammal Names . 1st edition. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-662-46269-0 .
- ↑ Chaerephon jobensis jobensis in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ↑ Chaerephon jobensis colonicus in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ↑ Chaerephon jobensis in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.3. Listed by: KD Armstrong, 2016. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ Miller, GS (1902). Two new tropical Old World bat . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (15) p. 246. ( online )
- ^ Thomas, O. (1906). On mammals from Northern Australia presented to the National Museum by Sir Wm. Ingram, Bt. And the Hon. John Forrest . Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. May - December P.537 ( online )