Zanclorhynchus spinifer
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Zanclorhynchus spinifer |
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Zanclorhynchus | ||||||||||||
| Günther , 1880 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Zanclorhynchus spinifer | ||||||||||||
| Günther, 1880 |
Zanclorhynchus spinifer is amarine fish species from the order of the perch-like (Perciformes) that occursin the southern (Antarctic) ocean . The species has so far been proven in the Prince Edward Islands , the Crozet Islands , the Kerguelen , Heard , the Macquarie Island and the Kara Dag Deep Sea Mountainnortheast of the Prince Edward Islands.
features
Zanclorhynchus spinifer becomes 40 cm long and has a laterally strongly flattened body, the height of which is 30 to 33% of the standard length. The length of the large, flattened head is 33 to 35% of the standard length. The eye diameter is 22 to 33% of the head length. The snout is pointed and longer than the diameter of the eye, the small mouth is terminal. The jaw and palate are covered with small teeth. There are strong spines above the nostrils and on the rear edge of the bone ridge around the eyes. Another just behind the eye above the praeoperculare and the longest and strongest above the gill cover. The latter reaches about 25% of the head length. The top of the head and the "cheeks" are partially wrinkled. The dorsal fin is divided into two by a deep incision. It is supported by 8 to 10 strong fin spines and 12 to 15 unbranched soft rays. The third and longest fin spine is the length of the head. The anal fin has 10 or 11 fin rays, the pectoral fins 9 unbranched fin rays and the pelvic fins a spine and 5 segmented fin rays. The pectoral fins sit relatively low down and can thus, together with the pelvic fins, be used for a gait-like, quadruple locomotion on the ground, a locomotion that is very unusual for fish. The base of the pectoral fins is narrow. The rays of the caudal fin are branched and segmented. The sideline extends over 11 to 15 prickly and pore-provided scales from the gill cover to the middle caudal peduncle. The fish's body is covered in relatively small, spiky scales that give it a somewhat rough appearance. Some areas, e.g. B. at the base of the dorsal fin are scaly. Zanclorhynchus spinifer is brown, purple to ocher in color and shows some dark markings. The fins are ocher with dark bands. Dark spots lie at the base of the second dorsal fin spine and under the rear area of the first, hard-rayed dorsal fin section.
Way of life
Zanclorhynchus spinifer lives at depths of 5 to 340 meters between kelp and on the sandy seabed and feeds on small, invertebrates, especially amphipods .
Systematics
Zanclorhynchus spinifer is assigned to the pig fish (Congiopodidae) in most sources . In Ishii and Imamura, the species forms together with Alertichthys blacki and, in contrast to the genus Congiopodus (subfamily Congiopodinae), the subfamily Zanclorhynchinae. Mandrytsa (2001) and Betancur-R. (2013 and 2017) raise the Zanclorhynchinae to the rank of an independent family, the Zanclorhynchidae.
literature
- W. Fischer & JC Hureau: FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes, Southern Ocean. Volume 2, pp. 278-279, Rome, 1985, ISBN 9-25102-358-1
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nozomi Ishii, Hisashi Imamura: Phylogeny of the family Congiopodidae (Perciformes: Scorpaenoidea), with a proposal of new classification. Ichthyological Research May 2008, Volume 55, Edition 2, pp. 148-161, DOI: 10.1007 / s10228-007-0014-1 , ISSN 1616-3915
- ↑ SA Mandrytsa (2001): Lateral line system and classification of scorpaenoid fishes (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenoidei) Ph. D. dissertation, Perm University. 393 pages
- ↑ Ricardo Betancur-R, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre and Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC series - July 2017, DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3
Web links
- Zanclorhynchus spinifer on Fishbase.org (English)
- Zanclorhynchus spinifer inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: Poss, S., 2009. Retrieved January 11, 2014.