Train detection operation

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Telephone for train reports (1928)

As Zugmeldebetrieb is referred to in the train operation , a method of operation for securing the movement of trains , is driven in the in the fixed space interval.

principle

The communication between the operating points required for this is carried out by telephone or semi-automatically via a train number reporting system , known as a train report . In addition, train reports provide the operating points with information about train traffic.

Since the train detection operation on federal railways is regulated in the driving service regulation - Directive 408 of the Deutsche Bahn AG - one also speaks of operation according to Directive 408 or operation according to FV-DB.

According to this, there are three train reports , offer and accept , cancel and report back , although not every train report is used on every route in every situation.

Operating points that regulate the sequence of trains (ie their spacing) are train sequence points ( e.g. block points ). If these can also regulate the sequence of train journeys, they are also train reporting points (e.g. stations, transfer points and junction points). The train reports offering and accepting and deregistering are always carried out between two train reporting points, but the feedback can - depending on the type of route block - take place between neighboring train sequence points.

The execution of the respective train reports is also referred to as the train report procedure .

principle

In order to guarantee travel at a fixed spatial distance, it must be ensured that travel in a route section between two operating points (ie in a so-called train sequence section ) only takes place if

To do this, the operating offices involved must be

  • allowing a train journey (by offering and accepting) and
  • the complete evacuation of the section after the evacuation test - for this a stop signal is usually required at the end of the section - (by reporting back )

communicate. By deregistering, the operating offices are also informed of the departure of a train. If track tracks are used in only one normal direction (such as on double-track lines), there is usually no offer or acceptance, but the cancellation is always carried out. The feedback does not apply to a functional block of the route, the follow-up protection is then effected by this.

The wording and procedure of the train reports are precisely defined for reasons of operational safety. In particular, a train report given by telephone must be announced as such by the caller and repeated by the conversation partner. The caller must confirm the correctness of the repetition. The communication is also documented in the train log.

text

When offering and accepting , the dispatcher who wants to release a train offers it to the neighboring dispatcher with the words:

"Train notification: is the train (train number) accepted?"

The respondent replies with the words if he agrees

"Train (train number), yes."

If he doesn't agree, he answers

"No, wait"

later he accepts the train without offering it again

"Now train (train number), yes."

The deregistration takes place with the words

"Train notification: Train (number) (train notification office) expected from (minute of the expected departure or transit time)."

or

"Train notification: Train (number) (train notification office) from (minute of departure or transit time)."

The word train notification is not required if the cancellation immediately follows the acceptance.

The feedback is given with the words:

Train notification: Train (train number) in (name of evacuation inspection office).

All train reports, including refusals, are documented in writing, repeated verbatim by the interlocutor and correctly confirmed by the reporting dispatcher .

In a specific example, the train reports for a train journey could run as follows:

Dispatcher A
"Train notification: Will train 602 be accepted?"
Dispatcher B
"Train 602, yes."
Dispatcher A
"Train 602 A probably from 13."
Dispatcher B
"I repeat: train 602 A is expected from 13."
Dispatcher A
"Correct."
...
Dispatcher B
"Train notification: Train 602 in B."
Dispatcher A
"I repeat: move 602 in B."
Dispatcher B
"Correct."

There are special wording for train reports for parallel lines, as well as for deviating from normal operation, for example when trains on double-track lines are to drive on a track against the normal direction of travel.

application

The verbal train notification procedure is still the basis of train operations today. On routes with more traffic, however, the train reports are no longer verbal, but largely automated via so-called train number reporting systems . They can usually assign a train number to each track section. During a train journey, it switches the train numbers from track section to track section - even between signal boxes. This means that deregistration can be omitted, since the operating units involved know via the train number reporting system which trains have been released from the neighboring operating unit. The offer and acceptance is carried out - if necessary - by the dispatcher via an input terminal with display. This means that train numbers can also be re-entered, deleted or replaced. In electronic interlockings it can be integrated into the user interface. However, if feedback has to be given, the verbal train notification procedure must be used. The train number registration system replaces the keeping of a train registration book with a printed or electronic protocol.

In the case of centralized signal box operation, it can happen that a dispatcher is responsible for several neighboring train detection points. Then the train reports are omitted; the dispatcher is not talking to himself.

Alternatives

The train notification procedure is used on all regular routes operated according to the driving service regulations , regardless of whether it is by telephone or by train number reporting system . The so-called train control operation can be used on branch lines with lower loads and simplified operational conditions . The train conductors, together with the neighboring dispatchers or train conductors, handle rail traffic with modified train reports; operations within the train control area are based on a separate reporting procedure. The train running reports given there are essentially used for communication between the train conductor and the train personnel, such as B. the issue of a driving license.

foreign countries

The train notification procedure in this form or with slightly changed wording is used by various railway companies, such as B. in Luxembourg or Austria. For example, when a train is accepted by ÖBB , it does not say “Train (number) yes”, but rather “Train (number) may come”.

Other railways use their own train notification procedures, which are identical in terms of the basic ideas (offering on single-track routes, canceling a journey, reporting a journey that has taken place), but are subject to a different wording, are replaced by codes or, for example, with the exchange of certain ( Random) numbers can be added. In France, train reports are usually not sent if the trains run in the order of the scheduled timetable, do not exceed a certain delay and there is no fault in the interlocking technology.

literature

  • Ulrich Maschek: Securing rail traffic. 2nd edition, Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-8348-2653-4 .

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