Dwarf boletus
| Dwarf boletus | ||||||||||||
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Pepper Boletus ( Chalciporus piperatus ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chalciporus | ||||||||||||
| Bataille |
The dwarf boletus ( Chalciporus ) are a genus of mushrooms from the family of boletus relatives (Boletaceae). In Europe, they comprise half a dozen, mostly rare species. In contrast, the type species , the pepper tube ( C. piperatus ), is widespread and often found.
features
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The dwarf bulbs usually form very small, 7-10 cm high fruiting bodies with a 2-6 cm wide cap . The pores or tube mouths are dark orange to pink-reddish and rust-red in color. The yellowish, yellowish-white meat has a reddish glow and does not show any color reaction when it comes into contact with atmospheric oxygen. Only with C. piperatus does it smell and taste like hot pepper.
Ecology and phenology
The dwarf boletus prefer acidic soils (coniferous or deciduous forests on sandstone) and are often found singly or gregariously at the edges of forests or willows.
They can be found from summer to autumn.
species
25 species are known worldwide. 5 species occur in Europe or are to be expected there:
| Dwarf boletus ( Chalciporus ) in Europe |
Pepper
bolet Chalciporus piperatus
Smallest dwarf boletus
Chalciporus pseudorubinus
The short- spore boletus ( Rubinoboletus rubinus ) was formerly also part of the genus Chalciporus.
Species delimitation
Dwarf boletus, especially the pepper boletus or the bitter boletus, can hardly be confused. The red to rust-red skin and stem color, the yellowish flesh and the sharp taste are distinctive features. Differentiation from one another can be more difficult. Some authors see in the bitter dwarf boletus - wrongly - only a variety of the pepper boletus.
meaning
The dwarf boletus are edible. Many collectors mistakenly use the pepper bolet as a spice mushroom , but the pepper-like sharpness disappears when cooked.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , pp. 292-294.
Individual evidence
- ^ Frédéric Bataille: Quelques champignons intéressants des environs de Besançon . In: Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle du Doubs . tape 15 , 1908.
- ^ Jean Baptiste François Bulliard: Boletus piperatus . In: Herbier de la France . tape 10 , 1790, pp. 433-480 .
- ↑ Axel Schilling, Peter Dobbitsch: Chalciporus piperatus (Bulliard: Fries) Bataille. In: Mushroom Mapping 2000 Online . Retrieved February 5, 2014 .
- ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 , pp. 134 .
- ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Chalciporus. (No longer available online.) In: fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. January 15, 2007, archived from the original on January 13, 2014 ; Retrieved July 22, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
