21st United States Congress

The 21st United States Congress , made up of the House and Senate , was the United States' legislature . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1831. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the senators ( Class II ) were elected in the 1828 congressional elections. In both chambers there was a majority in favor of the Democratic Party , which was founded in the same year and whose supporters were then also known as the Jacksonians . The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DCThe United States then consisted of 24 states. Andrew Jackson was the president . The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 census .

Important events

See also 1829 1830 and 1831

• March 4, 1829: Beginning of the legislative period of the 21st Congress. At the same time, President Andrew Jackson, who was also elected in 1828, was appointed to his new office. He replaces John Quincy Adams .
• July 23, 1829: William Burt receives a patent for the invention of the typewriter.
• May 28, 1830: The Indian Removal Act enters into force. This resulted in the expulsion of the Indians from the areas east of the Mississippi River in the next few years .
• 1830: In the congressional elections, the Democrats win a majority in both chambers.

The main laws

During the session of the 21st Congress, the following federal law was passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):

• May 28, 1830: The Indian Removal Act (See above)

Composition according to parties

senate

• Democratic Party (Jacksonians): 25
• National Republican Party (Anti-Jacksonians): 22
• Others (0
• Vacant: 1

Total: 48 at the end of the legislative period

House of Representatives

• Democratic Party (Jacksonians): 134
• National Republican Party (Anti-Jacksonians): 72
• Anti-Masonic Party : 6
• Others (0
• Vacant: 1

Total: 213 at the end of the legislative period

There were also three congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote

Public officials

senate

• President of the Senate : John C. Calhoun (D)
• President pro tempore : Samuel Smith (D)

House of Representatives

• House Speaker : Andrew Stevenson (D)

Senate members

The following senators represented their respective states in the 21st Congress:

Alabama 2. William R. King (J) 3. John McKinley (J) Connecticut 1. Samuel A. Foot (AJ) 3. Calvin Willey (AJ) Delaware 1. Louis McLane (AJ) until April 16, 1829 Arnold Naudain (AJ) from January 7, 1830 2. John Middleton Clayton (AJ) Georgia 2. George Troup (J) 3. John MacPherson Berrien (J) until March 9, 1829 John Forsyth (J) from November 9, 1829 Illinois 2. John McLean (J) until October 14, 1830 David J. Baker (J) Between November 12 and December 11, 1830 John McCracken Robinson (J) from December 11, 1830 3. Elias Kane (J) Indiana 1. James Noble (AJ) until Feb. 26, 1831, after which the seat was vacant 3. William Hendricks (AJ) Kentucky 2. George M. Bibb (J) 3. John Rowan (J) Louisiana 2. Edward Livingston (J) 3. Josiah S. Johnston (AJ) Maine 1. John Holmes (AJ) 2. Peleg Sprague (AJ) Maryland 1. Samuel Smith (J) 3. Ezekiel F. Chambers (AJ) Massachusetts 1. Daniel Webster (AJ) 2. Nathaniel Silsbee (AJ) Mississippi 1. Powhatan Ellis (J) 2. Thomas Buck Reed (J) until November 26, 1829 Robert H. Adams (J) January 6 to July 2, 1830 George Poindexter from October 15, 1830

Missouri 1. Thomas Hart Benton (J) 3. David Barton (AJ) New Hampshire 2. Samuel Bell (AJ) 3. Levi Woodbury (J) New Jersey 1. Mahlon Dickerson (J) 2. Theodore Frelinghuysen (J) new York 1. Charles E. Dudley (J) 3. Nathan Sanford (AJ) North Carolina 2. John Branch (J) until March 9, 1829 Bedford Brown (J) from December 9, 1829 3. James Iredell (J) Ohio 1. Benjamin Ruggles (AJ) 3. Jacob Burnet (AJ) Pennsylvania 1. Isaac D. Barnard (J) 3. William Marks (AJ) Rhode Island 1. Asher Robbins (AJ) 2. Nehemiah R. Knight (AJ) South carolina 2. Robert Young Hayne (J) 3. William Smith (J) Tennessee 1. John Henry Eaton (J) until March 9, 1829 Felix Grundy (J) from October 19, 1829 2. Hugh Lawson White (J) Vermont 1. Horatio Seymour (AJ) 3. Dudley Chase (AJ) Virginia 1. John Tyler (J) 2. Littleton Waller Tazewell (J)

Members of the House of Representatives

The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 21st Congress:

Alabama 3 constituencies 1. Clement Comer Clay (J) 2. Robert Baylor (J) 3. Dixon Hall Lewis (J) Connecticut All MPs were state-elected. Noyes Barber (AJ) William W. Ellsworth (AJ) Jabez W. Huntington (AJ) Ralph Isaacs Ingersoll (AJ) William L. Storrs (AJ) Ebenezer Young (AJ) Delaware state-wide choice Kensey Johns (AJ) Georgia State Election Thomas Flournoy Foster (J) Charles Eaton Haynes (J) Henry Graybill Lamar (J) from December 7, 1829 Wilson Lumpkin (J) Wiley Thompson (J) James Moore Wayne (J) Richard Henry Wilde (J) Illinois State Election Joseph Duncan (J) Indiana 3 constituencies 1. Ratliff Boon (J) 2. Jonathan Jennings (AJ) 3. John Test (AJ) Kentucky 12 constituencies 1. Henry Daniel (J) 2. Nicholas D. Coleman (J) 3. James Clark (AJ) 4. Robert Letcher (AJ) 5. Richard Mentor Johnson (J) 6. Joseph Lecompte (J) 7. John Kincaid (J) 8. Nathan Gaither (J) 9. Charles A. Wickliffe (J) 10. Joel Yancey (J) 11. Thomas Chilton (J) 12. Chittenden Lyon (J) Louisiana 3 constituencies 1. Edward White (AJ) 2. Henry Hosford Gurley (AJ) 3. Walter Hampden Overton (J) Maine 7 constituencies 1. Rufus McIntire (J) 2. John Anderson (J) 3. Joseph F. Wingate (AJ) 4. George Evans (AJ) from July 20, 1829 5. James Wheelock Ripley (J) until March 12, 1830 Cornelius Holland (J) from December 6, 1830 6. Leonard Jarvis (J) 7. Samuel Butman (AJ) Maryland 8 constituencies. The fifth electoral district had two MPs. 1. Clement Dorsey (AJ) 2. Benedict Joseph Semmes (AJ) 3. George Corbin Washington (AJ) 4. Michael Sprigg (J) 5A. Elias Brown (AJ) 5B. Benjamin Chew Howard (AJ) 6. George Edward Mitchell (J) from December 7, 1829 7. Richard Spencer (J) 8. Ephraim Wilson (J) Massachusetts 13 constituencies 1. Benjamin Gorham (AJ) 2. Benjamin Crowninshield (AJ) 3. John Varnum (AJ) 4. Edward Everett (AJ) 5. John Davis (AJ) 6. Joseph G. Kendall (AJ) 7. George Grennell (AJ) 8. Isaac C. Bates (AJ) 9. Henry W. Dwight (AJ) 10. John Bailey (AJ) 11. Joseph Richardson (AJ) 12. James L. Hodges (AJ) 13. John Reed (AJ) Mississippi State Election Thomas Hinds (J) Missouri State Election Spencer Darwin Pettis (J) New Hampshire All MPs were state-elected. John Brodhead (J) Thomas Chandler (J) Joseph Hammons (J) Jonathan Harvey (J) Henry Hubbard (J) John Weeks (J) New Jersey All MPs were elected state-wide Lewis Condict (AJ) Richard M. Cooper (AJ) Thomas H. Hughes (AJ) Isaac Pierson (AJ) James F. Randolph (AJ) Samuel Swan (AJ) New York 30 constituencies. The 3rd electoral district had three MPs and the 20th and 26th two each. 1. James Lent (J) 2. Jacob Crocheron (J) 3A. Churchill C. Cambreleng (J) 3B. Gulian C. Verplanck (J) 3C. Campbell P. White (J) 4. Henry B. Cowles (AJ) 5. Abraham Bockee (J) 6. Hector Craig (J) until July 12, 1830 Samuel W. Eager (AJ) from November 2, 1830 7. Charles G. De Witt (J) 8. James Strong (AJ) 9. John D. Dickinson (AJ) 10. Ambrose Spencer (AJ) 11. Perkins King (J) 12. Peter J. Borst (J) 13. William G. Angel (J) 14. Henry R. Storrs (AJ) 15. Michael Hoffman (J) 16. Benedict Arnold (AJ) 17. John W. Taylor (AJ) 18. Henry C. Martindale (AJ) 19. Isaac Finch (AJ) 20A. Joseph Hawkins (AJ) 20B. George Fisher (AJ) until February 5, 1830 Jonah Sanford (J) from November 3, 1830 21. Robert Monell (J) until February 21, 1831, after which the seat was vacant 22. Thomas Beekman (AJ) 23. Jonas Earll (J) 24. Gershom Powers (J) 25. Thomas Maxwell (J) 26A. Jehiel H. Halsey (J) 26B. Robert S. Rose (AM) = Anti Masonic 27. Timothy Childs (AM) 28. John Magee (J) 29. Phineas L. Tracy (AM) 30. Ebenezer F. Norton (J)

North Carolina 13 constituencies 1. William Biddle Shepard (AJ) 2. Willis Alston (J) 3. Thomas H. Hall (J) 4. Jesse Speight (J) 5. Gabriel Holmes (J) until September 26, 1829 Edward Bishop Dudley (J) from November 10, 1829 6. Robert Potter (J) 7. Edmund Deberry (AJ) 8. Daniel Laurens Barringer (J) 9. Augustine Henry Shepperd (J) 10. Abraham Rencher (J) 11. Henry William Connor (J) 12. Samuel Price Carson (J) 13. Lewis Williams (AJ) Ohio 14 constituencies 1. James Findlay (J) 2. James Shields (J) 3. Joseph Halsey Crane (AJ) 4. Joseph Vance (AJ) 5. William Russell (J) 6. William Creighton (AJ) 7. Samuel Finley Vinton (AJ) 8. William Stanbery (J) 9. William W. Irvin (J) 10. William Kennon (J) 11. John M. Goodenow (J) until April 9, 1830 Humphrey H. Leavitt (J) from December 6, 1830 12. John Thomson (J) 13. Elisha Whittlesey (AJ) 14. Mordecai Bartley (AJ) Pennsylvania 18 constituencies. The 7th, 8th, 11th and 16th electoral districts each had two MPs. The 4th and 9th even had three MPs. The rest one each. 1. Joel Barlow Sutherland (J) 2. Joseph Hemphill (J) 3. Daniel H. Miller (J) 4A. James Buchanan (J) 4B. Joshua Evans (J) 4C. George Gray Leiper (J) 5. John Benton Sterigere (J) 6. Innis Green (J) 7A. Joseph Fry (J) 7B. Henry AP Muhlenberg (J) 8A. Samuel D. Ingham (J) until 1829, exact date unknown Peter Ihrie (J) from October 13, 1829 8B. George Wolf (J) until 1829, exact date unknown Samuel A. Smith (J) from October 13, 1829 9A. James Ford (J) 9B. Alem Marr (J) 9C. Philander Stephens (J) 10. Adam King (J) 11A. Thomas Hartley Crawford (J) 11B. William Ramsey (J) 12. John Scott (J) 13. Chauncey Forward (J) 14. Thomas Irwin (J) 15. William McCreery (J) 16A. Harmar Denny (AM) from December 15, 1829 16B. John Gilmore (J) 17. Richard Coulter (J) 18. Thomas Hale Sill (AJ) Rhode Island All MPs were state-elected. Tristam Burges (AJ) Dutee Jerauld Pearce (AJ) South Carolina 9 constituencies 1. William Drayton (J) 2. Robert Woodward Barnwell (J) 3. John Campbell (J) 4. William D. Martin (J) 5. George McDuffie (J) 6. Warren R. Davis (J) 7. William T. Nuckolls (J) 8. James Blair (J) 9. Starling Tucker (J) Tennessee 9 constituencies 1. John Blair (J) 2. Pryor Lea (J) 3. James Israel Standifer (J) 4. Jacob C. Isacks (J) 5. Robert Desha (J) 6. James K. Polk (J) 7. John Bell (J) 8. Cave Johnson (J) 9. Davy Crockett (AJ) Vermont 5 constituencies 1. Jonathan Hunt (AJ) 2. Rollin Carolas Mallary (AJ) 3. Horace Everett (AJ) 4. Benjamin Swift (AJ) 5. William Cahoon (AM) Virginia 22 constituencies 1. Thomas Newton (AJ) until March 9, 1830 George Loyall (J) from March 9, 1830 2. James Trezvant (J) 3. William S. Archer (J) 4. Mark Alexander (J) 5. Thomas Bouldin (J) 6. Thomas Davenport (J) 7. Nathaniel Claiborne (J) 8. Richard Coke (J) 9. Andrew Stevenson (J) 10. William Cabell Rives (J) until 1829, exact date unknown William F. Gordon (J) from January 25, 1830 11. Philip Pendleton Barbour (J) until October 15, 1830 John M. Patton (J) from November 25, 1830 12. John Roane (J) 13. John Taliaferro (AJ) 14. Charles F. Mercer (AJ) 15. John S. Barbour (J) 16. William Armstrong (AJ) 17. Robert Allen (J) 18. Philip Doddridge (AJ) 19. William McCoy (J) 20. Robert Craig (J) 21. Lewis Maxwell (AJ) 22. Alexander Smyth (J) until April 17, 1830 Joseph Draper (J) from December 6, 1830

Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:

• Arkansas Territory : Ambrose Hundley Sevier
• Florida Territory : Joseph M. White
• Michigan Territory : John Biddle until February 21, 1831, after which the office was vacant.

Web links

Commons : 21st United States Congress  - Collection of Pictures, Videos, and Audio Files

• bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 21 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 21st Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)