68th United States Congress
The 68th Congress of the United States , consisting of the House and Senate , was the legislature of the United States . Its legislative term lasted from March 4, 1923 to March 4, 1925. All members of the House of Representatives and a third of the Senators ( Class I ) were elected in the state of Maine in the November 1922 and September congressional elections. This resulted in a majority in both chambers for the Republican Party which, with Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, also provided presidents. The only remaining role for the Democratic Party was in the opposition. During the legislative period there were a few resignations and deaths, but these did not change the majority. The Congress met in the American capital Washington, DC The United States at that time consisted of 48 states. The distribution of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 census . (Due to a lack of political majorities, the actual adjustment was not made based on the figures from the 1920 census . The next adjustment was not made until 1933 with the data from the 1930 census ).
Important events
- March 4, 1923: beginning of the legislative period of the 68th Congress
- August 2, 1923: Following the death of President Harding, former Vice President Calvin Coolidge is promoted to the highest office in the United States.
- September 4, 1923: The airship USS Shenandoah , operated by the United States Navy , makes its maiden flight.
- September 7, 1923: At a police conference in Vienna which is Interpol established.
- May 10, 1924: J. Edgar Hoover is appointed director of the FBI , which at the time was still called the Bureau of Investigations (BI).
- June 28, 1924: 78 people died in a tornado in Lorain, Ohio .
- November 4, 1924: Nellie Tayloe Ross is the first woman in American history to be elected to the office of governor . She holds the office in the state of Wyoming .
- November 4, 1924: President Coolidge is elected. In the simultaneous congressional elections, the Republicans defend their majority in both chambers.
- November 19, 1924: Hollywood director Thomas Harper Ince dies under circumstances that are still unknown to this day.
- November 27, 1924: The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade takes place in New York City for the first time . Back then the event was still called Macy's Christmas Day Parade .
The main laws
During the session of the 68th Congress, the following federal laws were passed ( see also: Legislative procedure ):
- September 22, 1923: US Coal Commission Act
- April 26, 1924: Seed and Feed Loan Act
- May 19, 1924: World War Adjusted Compensation Act
- May 24, 1924: Rogers Act
- May 26, 1924: Immigration Act of 1924
- May 29, 1924: Indian Oil Leasing Act of 1924
- June 2, 1924: Indian Citizenship Act
- June 2, 1924: Revenue Act of 1924
- June 3, 1924: Inland Waterways Act of 1924
- June 7, 1924: Pueblo Lands Act of 1924
- June 7, 1924: Oil Pollution Act of 1924
- June 7, 1924: Clarke – McNary Act
- January 30, 1925: Hoch – Smith Resolution
- January 31, 1925: Special Duties Act
- February 2, 1925: Airmail Act of 1925
- February 12, 1925: Federal Arbitration Act
- February 16, 1925: Home Port Act of 1925
- February 24, 1925: Purnell Act
- February 27, 1925: Temple Act
- February 28, 1925: Classification Act of 1925
- February 28, 1925: Federal Corrupt Practices Act
- March 2, 1925: Judiciary Act of 1925
- March 3, 1925: River and Harbors Act of 1925
- March 3, 1925: Helium Act of 1925
- March 3, 1925: Mount Rushmore National Memorial Act see also Mount Rushmore National Memorial
- March 4, 1925: Establishment of the United States Navy Band.
- March 4, 1925: Probation Act of 1925
Composition according to parties
senate
- Democratic Party: 42
- Republican Party: 53 (majority)
- Others: 1
Total: 96
House of Representatives
- Democratic Party: 207
- Republican Party: 225 (majority)
- Others: 3
Total: 435
There were also five congressional delegates who were not entitled to vote
Public officials
senate
- Senate President : Calvin Coolidge (R) until August 2, 1923, vacant thereafter
- President pro tempore : Albert B. Cummins (R)
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: Henry Cabot Lodge senior (R) until November 9, 1924, then Charles Curtis (R)
- Majority whip : Wesley Livsey Jones (R)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority Leader: Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)
- Minority whip: Peter G. Gerry (D)
House of Representatives
Leadership of the majority party
- Majority Leader: Nicholas Longworth (R)
Leadership of the minority party
- Minority Leader: Finis J. Garrett (D)
Senate members
The following senators represented their respective states in the 68th Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives
The following congressmen represented the interests of their respective states in the 68th Congress:
Members of the House of Representatives who are not entitled to vote:
Web links
- bioguide.congress.gov (by entering 68 under Year OR Congress: you get a list of the members of the 68th Congress with a link to the official biographies; English)